Climate change distorts agricultural production and impacts negatively on the welfare ofrnfarming households in Nigeria. The climate-smart adaptation (CSA) strategies have thernpotential to mitigate the effects of climate change while preserving the natural resourcebase.rnHowever, there is limited empirical knowledge on the impacts of usage of suchrnstrategies on the productivity and welfare of farmers. The study assessed the productivityrnand welfare effects of CSA practices on crop farming households in the savanna regionrnof Nigeria. Theobjectives of the study were to: (i) identify crop specific CSA strategies;rn(ii) examine the factors that influence the choice of CSA strategies; (iii) assess therndeterminants of the use intensity of CSA; (iv) determine the productivity and welfarerneffects of the usage of CSA strategies; and (v) identify the constraints to the use of CSArnstrategies.rnA structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study through a three-stagernsampling technique involving the selection of 391 households from 33 EnumerationrnAreas (EAs) constituting about 6% of the rural-based EAs in Benue and Niger States.rnDescriptive statistics, tetrachoric correlation, multivariate probit regression, OrdinaryrnLeast Square (OLS) regression, heterogenous treatment effects (HTE), conditionalrnrecursive mixed process (CMP) for sequential joint estimations, and Garrett rankingrnscore were used to analyse the data at 5% level of significance.rnThe findings of the study were that:rni. crop rotation and intercropping with legumes, green manure, and farmyardrnmanure were the common CSA strategies used in the production of cereals,rnpulses as well as roots and tubers. In addition, minimum tillage and improvedrnvarieties of seeds were used for cereals;rnii. tetrachoric correlation coefficients showed that 80% of the pairs of CSArnstrategies have between 17 and 74% relationships in the simultaneity ofrnusage;rniii. farmerâ€™s age and education, group membership, credit constraint, riskrnperception, risk experience and household perception of effectiveness ofrnstrategiesare factors that influence the choice of the CSA strategies;rniv. usage of the CSA strategies reduced with age of the farmers, but increasedrnwith farm size, soil fertility perception, market distance, number of livestockrnowned, and years of continuous use of farm;rnv. usage of fertilizer deep placement and cover cropping increased the yields ofrncerealsby 65% and 31% respectively, while improved crop varieties as wellrnas crop rotation with legumes increased yield of pulses by 43%and 63%rnrespectively. Mulching increased yield of roots and tubers by 43%;rnvi. Based on CMP estimate, a percentage increase in yields of cereals, pulses,rnand roots and tubers improved household welfare by 340%, 1.15% and 0.43%rnrespectively; andrnvii. the use of CSA strategies is constrained by the initial establishment andrnlabour costs, farm tenure security status,and market distance to purchase ofrnrelevant CSA inputs.rnThe study concluded that CSA strategies had positive impacts on crop productivity andrnhousehold welfare. The study recommended the use of farmer groups as platform forrnpromotion of the use of CSA and provision of on-lending facilities for farmers.