Determinants Of Placental Abruption Among Pregnant Women Who Attended Tikur Anbessa Specialized And Gandhi Memorial Hospitals Institution Based Unmatched Case Control Study

Background: Placental abruption, also known as premature separation of placenta, is a significantrncause of maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in low resource settings. Despite its negativernmaternal and fetal outcome, the determinant factors of placental abruption have not beenrnsufficiently studied.rnObjective: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with placental abruption amongrnpregnant women who attended Tikur Anbessa Specialized and Gandhi Memorial Hospitals AddisrnAbaba, Ethiopia 2021.rnMethods: A Hospital-based retrospective unmatched case control study was employed at TikurrnAnbessa Specialized and Gandhi Memorial Hospitals by reviewing medical chart of womenrnadmitted for 3 years from September 11, 2017 – September 10 2020. Among which 376 womenrn(188 cases and 188 controls) were included in the study. After data was collected by using KobornCollect version 1.27.3 it was exported and analyzed using SPSS version 25. To identifyrndeterminants of Placental abruption, Bivariable and Multivariable binary logistic regressionrnanalyses were done. Statistical significance was considered at a level of significance of 5%, andrnan adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used. rnResult: Prevalence of PA was found to be 0.25% and six identified independent determinants ofrnPlacental abruption with AOR [95% CI] were identified. These were advanced maternal age (Agern≥35) [AOR=2.44; 95% CI: 1.13, 5.25], previous history of stillbirth [AOR=4.55; 95% CI: 1.11,rn18.59], previous history of abortion [AOR=2.28; 95% CI: 1.22, 4.26], previous history of cesareanrnsection [AOR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.64, 6.29], premature rupture of membranes [AOR=8.88; 95% CI:rn3.27, 23.65] and preeclampsia [AOR=3.95; 95% CI: 1.54, 10.11]. Perinatal death among casesrnwas 22 (11.3%) whereas there was only one maternal death recorded (0.5%). rnConclusion and Recommendations: Prevalence of Placental abruption was low and advancedrnmaternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and preeclampsia, as well as previous histories ofrnstillbirth, abortion and cesarean section, were identified as independent determinants of placentalrnabruption. Practitioners responsible for prenatal monitoring must pay attention to risk factorsrnduring prenatal care to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes that may associate withrnplacental abruption.

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