Mochena Borago rock shelter is a very rich archaeological site with one of the mostrncomplete late Pleistocene cultural sequence in the Horn of Africa. Despite the richrncultural sequence, the pre-history and historic period of human and plant interaction andrnecological history of this site are poorly documented and reconstructed. The objective ofrnthis study was to reconstruct food systems of the ancient inhabitants of Mochena Boragornrock shelter in the Late Holocene period. Archaeobotanical investigation was conductedrnon a 27 soil sample bags of 2000 and 2001 French Field seasons at the Laboratory of thernARCCH (Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage).For the betterrninterpretation of the archaeaobotanical materials and data, ethnoarcheological studiesrnwere undertaken in the five Kebeles of Sodo Zurea Woreda. Based on this, a total of 64rnplant spices were documented and 112 seeds and fruit stones were identified by thernArchaeobotanical investigation which included Sapindaceae cf. Deinbollia type (n=55),rnMyrtaceae cf. Syzigium guineense type (n=33), Plectranthus edulis (n=9),rnEuphorbiaceae Croton sp. (n=7), Cordia cf. africana (n=2), Ebenaceae cf. Diospyrosrn(n=1), Olea europaea sub sp. cuspidate (n=1) and the rest four were unidentified. Thernethnobotanical documentation reveled that five plant types that were used as food,rnmedicine and raw materials to be similar with the plants recovered by Archaeobotanicalrninvestigation. Among the identified botanical remains, Plectranthus edulis which is anrnindigenous crop for the study area, Cordia cf.africana and Olea europaea sub sp.rncusipdata are reported for the first time in archaeobotanical context in the whole regionrnof EthiopiaMochena