Investigation Of Media For Removing Fluoride From The Ethiopian Rift Valley Ground Water

The chemical properties of fluorine, fluoride in the human environment; the fluoridernabsorption, distribution, and excretion in the human system are briefly reviewed. The beneficialrnand toxic effects of fluoride to human, plants, and animals; and several defluoridation methodsrnhave also been briefly reviewed.rnAluminium oxide, alumina, was prepared from aluminium sulphate (hydrate), producedrnlocally in Awash Melkasa. The defluoridation capacity of 2% HCI treated laboratory productrnalumina was compared with commercial acidic alumina. The amounts of acidic alumina requiredrnto bring the fluoride concentration to less than the recommended value by WHO (1.5 mgIL F)rnwere determined for different concentrations of fluoride. Studies were also made for local kaolinrn(beneficiated kaolin), commercial kaolin, and diatomaceous earth. Local kaolin was found to berna promising defluoridating material. The parameters investigated were contact time, mass, andrnvolume effect. To some extent the pH effect was also considered. The overall result shows thatrnacidic alumina and local kaolin are very efficient defluoridating material.

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