The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenge and practices of unite ofrncompetency based cooperative training program in bole sub city private,rnnongovernmental TVET institution. To this end, descriptive survey design wasrnemployed. Both primary and secondary source of data was used. The primary sourcesrnincluded trainees, trainers, deans, supervisors whereas the secondary sourcesrnincluded relevant policy documents. A total of 136 respondents took part in this study.rnStratified, simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used. Datarncollection instruments were questionnaires semi-structured interview guide andrnobservation checklist. Both qualitative and quantitative data analysis was used. Therndata analysis leads to the following major findings (1) The trainees knowledge aboutrnunit of competence based cooperative training is adequate but the implementation isrnnot as expected most of the institution are send the trainees to the enterprise at thernend of their institutional training. (2) The finding of the study revealed that traineesrnwere assigned in the enterprise by trainees own communicating with the enterprisesrnwhich is very tiring activities for trainees. (3) From the data, it was shown that therncommunication between the institution and the enterprise was very low, there was notrnface to face meeting of the supervisors with the leader of the institution concerningrnabout cooperative training.(4) There was no professional cooperative trainingrncoordinator who follows the implementation of cooperative training programs as thernmajor work. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the implementation of unitrnof competency based cooperative training in both private and non-governmentalrnTVET institution in Bole Sub-city of Addis Ababa has problems of coverage andrnquality of implementation. Based on the finding and conclusion the followings arernrecommended: To implement unit of competency based cooperative training properlyrnthe institution and the enterprise have to be work together basically in planning. Therninstitution by itself recruits and assigned the trainees in better enterprise. Therntrainers and trainees knowledge have to be updated by the current situation ofrncooperative training program. Awareness creation program on TVET strategy inrngeneral and the implementations of unit of competence based cooperative training inrnparticular should be arranged by the TVET biro and the institution to enterprise. Thernresearchers also recommended to Addis Ababa TVET biro to train and certifysupervisors about the evaluation of trainees at their institution. It is important tornregularly follow up the performance of cooperative training at the enterprise.rnTherefore, it is recommended that the TVET institution has to work hard inrnconducting continuous and through supervision to provides timely responses to thernrespective enterprise and monitors the progress. For the purpose of this activity, therninstitution is also recommended to assign professional cooperative trainingrncoordinator. It is known that cooperative training is a corner stone of TVET program.rnSince 70%of the TVET training is undertaken at the enterprise, the trainees have tornbe certified in cooperative training. Therefore, it is recommended to the Addis AbabarnTVET biro to make certification at enterprise is the precondition to sit in the nationalrncenter of competency (COC) exam. It is better for the privet and nongovernmentalrninstitution to plan about the implementation of cooperative training and communicaternthis plan with the enterprises. It is also recommended to the institution to trainrnprofessionals who work in the enterprise and to make them trainers at the enterprise.