Studies in the past have emphasized the relevance of individual and familial factors tornadolescent sexuality in Ethiopia; however, few have examined the empirical connections amongrnindividual, familial, neighborhood level factors and adolescent sexual behaviors. The mainrnpurpose of this study was to examine which individual, familial and neighborhood factorsrnpredicted each sexual behavior of adolescents. The respondents of this study were randomlyrnselected preparatory school adolescents in Addis Ababa. To get the required sample ofrnadolescents, the study utilized a multistage clustering sampling technique. As a result, a samplernof 1209 adolescents were assumed to get their responses, however, only 962 (525 female andrn437 male) adolescents completed the questionnaires. Out of 962 adolescents, 725 reported thatrnthey were virgins and 237 were non-virgins. The study used individual factors, familial factorsrnand neighborhood as predictor variables and first coital initiation, condom use, risky andrnprotective sexual behaviors as criterion variables. The study employed univariate, bivariate, andrnmultivariate analytical methods. The analyses were conducted for the whole sample and sexualrnactive sample. In the multivariate analysis regarding protective sex, among individual factors;rnage, gender, religiosity, and substance use significantly predicted protective sex. Similarly,rnamong family factors; family structure, parental monitoring and family cohesion significantlyrnpredicted protective sex. On the other hand, only substance use and religiosity predicted riskyrnsexual behavior. Besides, the multivariate analysis showed that among individual factors; age,rnreligiosity, self-esteem and substance use significantly predicted the odds of adolescent condomrnuse, and among family factors; family structure, parental monitoring and family cohesionrnsignificantly predicted condom use. In this regard, mother education and family SES hadrnsuppressive effects on condom use. In relation to first coital intercourse, age, gender and substance use significantly predicted first coital initiation and among neighborhood factors; onlyrnneighborhood collective efficacy significantly predicted first coital initiation. Substance userncreated links between parental factors (parental monitoring and family cohesion) and riskyrnsexual behavior and first coital initiation. The study revealed that parental monitoring andrnfamily cohesion mediated in the relationship between neighborhood factors and risky sexualrnbehavior. However, parental monitoring and family cohesion mediated in the linkages betweenrnneighborhood disorganization and first coital initiation but not for neighborhood collectivernefficacy. Moreover, parental monitoring mediated in the relationship between neighborhoodrndisorganization and protective sexual behavior but not for neighborhood collective efficacy. Onrnthe other hand, only family cohesion mediated in the linkages between neighborhood factors andrnprotective sexual behavior. In contrast, both parental monitoring and family cohesion mediatedrnin the linkages between neighborhood factors and condom use. In relation to interaction effects,rnonly neighborhood collective efficacy by parental monitoring significantly predicted protectivernsexual behavior. Finally, the study proposed future research to strengthen the findings of thisrnstudy