This study aims to examine the impact of agricultural technologies on land productivity in ruralrnEthiopia by applying three econometric models namely: fixed effects (FE), quintile regres-rnsion, and probit regression model were using the Ethiopian socio-economic survey of 2011/12,rn2013/14 and 2015/16 data, collected by Central statistical Agency (CSA) in collaboration withrnthe World Bank. The panel fixed effect result shows that improved technologies have a positivernimpact on land productivity except for pesticides. The author also estimates quintile regressionrnto see whether the same set of variables determine land productivity. The result indicates thatrntechnologies such as fertilizer, improved seed, and fungicide were positive and significant in de-rntermining land productivity. This implies that the adaption of these technologies improves landrnproductivity at least in the study area. So it is recommended to adopt these technologies tornincrease land productivity. The policy package might also include crop rotation, health reform,rneducation, and labor intensiation. This study also measures vulnerability as the probabilityrnthat a households level of production falls below the appropriate production level in the future.rnThe probit model estimation result shows that vulnerability is higher among the low productivernand exhibited an inverse correlation with the adaption of technologies. The important policyrnimplication of this is that the current agricultural extension program and safety net programrncould focus on the promotion of and support for the adaption of these improved technologies tornrescue rural farmers from vulnerability. There is a discrepancy between lower productive andrnhigher productive in terms of vulnerability when they adopt a given technology. Therefore, pol-rnicymakers should take into account this heterogeneity to unleash the maximum possible benefitrnof the technology practices.