Major Causes Of Teachers Turnover In Selected Government And Private Secondary Schools In Addis Ababa A Comparative Study

Background: Global estimate of world health organization (WHO) indicated that 422 millionrnadults aged over 18 years were living with diabetes in 2016. Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)rnaccounts for 90 to 95% of the incidence of diabetes. The increased prevalence of T2DM hasrnresulted in increased prevalence of hypogonadism which is proved to be linked to it by manyrnresearchers. This in turn creates a substantial public health burden in terms of inadequate sexualrnfunction, potential infertility and poor quality of life. However, hypogonadism is underrnrecognized and under treated in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, thernfinding of this research regarding prevalence and risk factors of hypogonadism will alertrnclinicians and health policy makers to give attention to this problem and initiate the need forrnfurther research and appropriate intervention.rnObjectives: To assess hypogonadism and its associated risk factors in men with T2DM attendingrnDiabetic Clinic at TASTH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethod: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 115 male patients with T2DM fromrnFebruary to April 2017 at Diabetic Clinic of TASTH in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Demographicrndata were collected using a structured questionnaire. Clinical data were obtained from medicalrnrecords. Anthropometric indices were determined. Clinical assessment of androgen deficiencyrnwas done using ADAM questionnaire. TT, LH, and FSH were determined by ECLIA methodrnwith Cobas e 411, Elecsys® 2010 analyzer. HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TRIG were determined byrnenzymatic colorimetric method with Cobas 6000 module 501whereas FBG was determined byrnglucose oxidase method with Mindray-200E.rnResults: Among the total 115 male study participants with T2DM, 104 (90.4%) had androgenrndeficiency symptoms but only 29(25.2%) had testosterone deficiency [TT≤12.1nmol/L].rnHowever, hypogonadism was observed in 27(23.5%) of which 20(74.1%) and 7(25.9%) werernwith secondary (HH) and primary hypogonadism, respectively. Age, duration of diabetes,rnmonthly income, alcohol consumption, and diabetic complications were not statisticallyrnassociated with TT level except hypertension. BMI, WC, FBG, TRIG were negatively andrnsignificantly correlated with TT with (r=-0.363, p

Get Full Work

Report copyright infringement or plagiarism