The purpose of this study was to investigate the assessment on effectiveness of Community Participation in improving students learning of secondary schools of the Silite zone. In order to meet the objective of the study descriptive survey research method was employed to conduct the study. In order to collect data the researcher used questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. In the study 5 sample groups encompassing, 16 students,74 teachers, 32 PTSA, 4 principals and 8 supervisors .The quantitative data were entered in to statistical package for social science (SPSS version 21.0) software analysis. Statistical measures were performed on quantitative data assembled from the respondents; frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and independent sample T-test were conducted. Finding of the study revealed that the communityâ€™s participate through the contribution of money, materials, and labor was low ,communityâ€™s in decision making process at every stage of school activities medium rate, participation in motivating the school staffs for better performance low rate, in managing the budget in secondary schools was low. Hence helping their children at home in their learning in secondary schools was medium, Participate in monitoring and evaluation of school activities was low in secondary schools. Beside the development of the school polices, mobilizing the community to make financial contribution, Participation in managing on teachers and students discipline, and the Participation in strengthen the relationship of parents, participate in monitoring and evaluation process of school performance was low and medium throughout in secondary schools. Regarding negatively affecting factors that practical implementation of community participation, the major factors were Poor economic status s, lack of training or insufficient training of the KETB and PTSAs members and teachers, lack commitment to mobilize the community, lack participatory leadership style of the principal, lack of cooperation among community representatives and parents, lack of incentives for PTSA and KETB members, lack of participation of community in school. Finally it was recommended that based on finding the study school under the study improvement needs through financial contribution, in identification of problems and planning, in decision making process at every stage of school activities, creating conducive school environment, ensuring students regular attendance of class, in motivating the school staffs for better performance .Give more consideration about the development of the school polices, mobilizing the community to make financial contribution, Participation in organizing parents day once or twice in a year was low and in monitoring the teaching learning process raising awareness with training, raising interest of community. giving effort for active participation, building commitment, using participatory leadership style making strong co-operation among with community.