The major objective of resettlement program is mainly to reduce environmental degradation inrnareas of origin by transferring drought affected people to more fertile and less populated forrnincreased food production and subsistence farming. Based on the assessment made for thisrnstudy farmers have confirmed that the good agricultural, pastureland, and relative amount ofrnrainfall in these areas have been able to attract the population to settle in the study area. Thisrnthesis aims to: i) identify major causes and indicators of land degradation, ii) assess the extent ofrnland degradation in the resettlement scheme and iii) suggest plausible conservation measures tornmitigate land degradation in the study area. The study was conducted in Idris resettlementrnscheme, which is located in western zone of Tigray. The results showed that the major causes ofrnland degradation were deforestation, poor agricultural practices and poor livestock management.rnOne important indicator of land degradation was the growth of weed striga, which thrives, inrninfertile soils. Soil samples taken from three land use types namely cultivated, grazing andrnforestland were analyzed for organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, pH, EC, bulkrndensity and soil texture. Employing the scientific rating, the OM, total N, and available P contentrnof all soil samples of the three land use types were found to be low. There was no significantrnvariation in organic matter content for both soil depths. Significant difference in total nitrogenrncontent was observed at 0-10 cm soil depth. Available P content was found to be significant atrnboth soil depths. Bulk density was found to be higher on grazing land at both soil depths. Bulkrndensity was found to be significantly different at both soil depths. pH values of the land use typernranges from medium alkaline to medium acidic. EC values test revealed that the mean value forrnall sample soils in all land use types was 1.3 mmhos/cm, which was classified to be non-saline.rnTextural classification of soil samples for grazing land and forestland was sand clay while that ofrncultivated land was sand clay loam.