Investigating the impacts of land-use and climate change on hydrologic regimes are essentialrnin understanding the patterns and movement of hydrologic processes. The changes in land usernland cover and climate change were experienced in the Upper Tekeze River basin in the lastrnthree decades (the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s) and climate changes is likely to occur under nearrnfuture projections (2020-2040). The paper provides potential implications of land use/ landrncover and climate change on streamflow, surface runoff, baseflow, evapotranspiration andrnwater yield of Upper Tekeze River basin using soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model.rnThe analysis of this study includes an investigation of changes in historical land-use patterns,rnindividual and combined impacts of land use and climate change on hydrology and the factorrnplaying a dominant role in modifying the hydrology of the area. The analysis of three landrnuse/land cover reveals that the decline in forest and grassland and the increment in agriculturalrnland where the predominant land use/land cover change over the past three decades. Thernhydrologic simulations indicate the influence of climate changes on the hydrologic regime wasrndominant than land-use change. The variation in evapotranspiration was more pronounced inrnland use/land cover change. However, the monthly variation in streamflow was mainly relatedrnto the seasonal changes in precipitation. The reduction in baseflow was mainly attributed tornland-use change. The increment in surface runoff caused by climate change was enhanced byrnland-use change, while, the decline in evapotranspiration was enhanced by deforestation.rnFurthermore, the combined action of climate and land use follow the trends similar to thernimpact of climate change. Under future projection the result reveals that exceptrnevapotranspiration all other hydrological components (stream flow, surface runoff, base flowrnand water yield) show the decline under RCP8.5 while the increment under RCP4.5 exceptrnwater yield which shows the decline. The finding from this thesis could provide information forrnlocal administration, and policymakers to better understand the changes in the hydrology ofrnthis region.