Water And Wastewater Minimization In Tannery By Using Water Pinch Technology Case Study (ethio Leather Industry (elico) Glove And Hide Unit(ethio Leather Industry (elico) Glove And Hide Unit
In tanneries, the phases of conditioning and preparing the hide/skin for tanning, as well as the rntransportation and fixation of tanning substances are all carried out in aqueous media. Mostrnof the steps of these processes are carried out with fresh water. This leads to the generation ofrnhigh wastewater flowrates which will have to be treated due to the relatively highrnconcentrations of pollutants. The high effluent volume requires huge investments for effluentrntreatment plants in order to meet the required specification for the discharge of liquidrneffluents to various water bodies. rnrnIn this study the total water consumption reduction of the case study tannery is investigatedrnby using water reuse technique in some stages of the process. For the systematic design ofrnwater reuse networks, the theory of the water pinch methodology is described, which arernproved to be effective in identifying water reuse opportunities. Experimental results on pilotrnscale are shown that the methodology is demonstrated to be successful. Water reuse reducesrnthe load of the wastewater treatment plant as well as it reduces the costs. rnrnDuring the analysis, it was tested that 100% of the effluent from de-liming discharge can bernreused for presoaking and main soaking stages, reuse in bating washing-1 100% and batingrnwashing-2 75% from bating washing-3, and the reuse of 80% of washing after shaving forrntanning float. The physical and chemical parameters analyzed in the processes and for thernproducts with reuse practice did not present any considerable difference when compared withrnthe conventional process. This demonstrates the viability of reuse practice in tanningrnindustry. rn rnThis study identified a potential scope of reducing both freshwater and wastewater by 44%. In turn the water reduction represents a total potential annual savings of 307200 Birr, takingrninto account the raw water and wastewater treatment costs, labor cost, electrical and chemicalrncosts.