Environmental and Social Impact Assessment is a decision making tool which aims at identifying,rnpredicting, evaluating and mitigating the adverse biophysical, social and economic impacts ofrndevelopment proposals prior to major decisions. However, the level of Environmental and SocialrnImpact Assessment implementation and its effectiveness is not known in Ethiopia. Therefore, thisrnstudy aims to evaluate the environmental performance and implementation of ESIA of Bole LemirnIndustrial Park against the criteria because of its proximity ground water sources of the city. Inrnaddition, the physico-chemical parameters of both raw (inlet) and treated waste water (outlet) werernanalyzed. The pH, COD, BOD, TDS, TSS and EC were 8.05, 635mg/L, 342mg/L, 450mg/L, 40mg/L,rnand 812 ïS/cm, respectively. The result shows that, some parameters were not in the recommendedrnrange and the Bole Lemi Industrial Park waste water treatment plant was ineffective. Regarding therneffectiveness of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment the legislative, administrative andrnprocedural framework were found to be inadequate. Lack of monitoring, weak enforcement, poorrnintegration of ESIA into decision making process, lack of public involvement, weak integration ofrnESIA into project cycle, poorly developed environmental database and weak inter-sectoralrncoordination and communication were among the gaps observed. In order to improve thernenvironmental performance of Bole Lemi Industrial Park, the technical performance of the wasternwater treatment needs to be improved. Moreover, the ESIA legislations, strict adherence to the ESIArnprocedures, capacity building for environmental protection organs, developing environmentalrndatabase, stakeholdersâ€™ participation, defining sectoral responsibilities, awareness creation, andrnimproving monitoring and follow-up were recommended.