The environmental and health risks of chemical pesticide application are usually becoming a seriousrnglobal risk in agricultural fields like cotton farms. In recent studies despite the existence of chemicalrnpesticide risk on environment and health issues, the engagement of farmers for the adoption ofrnalternative practice to chemical pesticides is still imminent in the context of cotton farms in sub-SaharanrnAfrica including Ethiopia. However, there are few studies on examining the determinants for adoption ofrnalternative pest management practices (APMP) for the benefits of emission reduction from chemicalrnpesticides pollution. Therefore, an alternative pest management practices (APMP) to chemical pesticidesrnwhich constitutes both agronomic and cultural Control methods (ACCM) and biological control methodsrn(BCM) is an essential strategy in the cotton crop protection strategies and other related environmentalrnconservation areas. This research focused with a major objective of examining factors that can influencernadoption of an alternative pest management practices to chemical pesticides application activities alongrnwith farmers perception and familiarity to such practices in three cotton growing areas of Amibara,rnGewane and Arbaminch zuria districts in Ethiopia. The data for study was collected from 384 farmers,rnusing structured and semi-structured questionnaire interviews and focused group discussions. Multistagernrandom and purposive sampling technique was employed to select the required sample size. Therndescriptive analysis revealed that 23 % of the sample households were adopter and 77 % were nonadopters of these alternative strategies. A bivariate probit regression model was fitted to analyze thernpotential variables determining farmersâ€™ adoption and the marginal effects of different variables in thernstudy area. Among 12 explanatory variables employed in the model, only seven variable includingrntraining on APMP, risk aversion status of chemical pesticides, risk of adoption for the alternativernpractices, farm size, land tenure rights, distance from nearest market, and agro ecology/division werernsignificantly influencing the adoption of both controlling methods(ACCM and BCM). In addition thernvariables age and education were marginally significant to only the practices of BCM whereas extensionrncontact and share of income from cotton farming is only significant to the practice of ACCM. The studyrntherefore recommends that policy makers and other related stakeholders should give more attention tornthose influencing factor on addressing the problems since reduction of environmental pollution canrngenerates significant economic, health and environmental benefits to cotton farmers and the society as arnwhole.