The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) as a central bank is expected to be proactive and stay inrnpar with the dynamic nature of the international as well as domestic macro-economic issues.rnTo do so increasing the number of talented women in the leadership position will increaserndiverse styles of thinking, corporate governance and ethical behavior. But, still now womenrnare deeply underrepresented in the NBE. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess thernadvancement of women to leadership positions in the National Bank of Ethiopia. This studyrnwas guided by the combination of glass ceiling theory, feminist theory, ecological model andrngender organization system theory. Exploratory and Descriptive survey is adopted for thernstudy involving both quantitative and qualitative techniques. A total of 188 respondents (30%)rnfrom the target population were sampled; where 113(60%) female and 75(40%) staffs werernselected by using snowball sampling technique. Moreover 6 female and 2 male managersrnparticipated in interview purposively. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies andrnpercentages are used to analyze the data. The findings from the study revealed that womenrnare indeed underrepresented in the leadership position of NBE. There are several factors orrnbarriers at the Intrinsic and extrinsic level. The Intrinsic barriers are womenâ€™s psychologicalrnfactor at a personal level. Extrinsic barriers are sociological factors that are institutionalrnbarriers and socio â€“political barriers. However this study has identified the major barriers inrnNBE are the extrinsic barriers. Finally the researcher has forwarded some success factors.rnGenerally, in order to solve this problem efficiently, establishing integrated effort andrndifferent strategies at intrinsic and extrinsic level are very crucial.