Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) is consumed worldwide because of its promoting health and nutritional benefits. However, it is vulnerable to pre and post-harvest aflatoxin contaminations by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxin contaminated peanut in raw or processed form increases, the risk of carcinogenic, mutagenic and immunosuppressive agents. Then, developing efficient detoxification methods for aflatoxin degradation and inactivation of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus becomes very important. Diverse strategic methods have been suggested for suppressing fungal growth and decontamination of aflatoxins. Although these methods can reduce surface fungal and aflatoxins concentration, often require either state-of-the-art equipment and extreme operating conditions and may cause limited detrimental effect to edible food product being treated. Therefore, The food industry faces challenges in improving food safety while maintaining the quality of the biomaterials.rnAtmospheric pressure cold plasma is new emerging non-thermal decontamination technology which is chemical-free, environment-friendly, flexible and energy-saving. Due to this potential advantage, it has received a great deal of attention in a large number of fields, especially in the food industry. The plasma is the fourth state of matter which is composed of highly excited atomic, molecular, ionic, radical species and comprises of a large number of reactive species and photons as well as visible light. These species and energy are synergistically used for decontamination. This suggests that this technology may also modify the chemical and physical surface properties of agricultural products. Till date, very little information is available on the effect of plasma operating conditions and optimizations on high lipid and antioxidant-containing foods, degrading of aflatoxin and inactivation of Aspergillus species. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge on the physicochemical quality of peanut, detoxification of aflatoxins, inactivation of Aspergillus species and oxidation stability of the peanut.rnVarying plasma processing conditions showed that plasma power, air flow rate and treatment time had significant (P0.05) lethal effect on A. flavus and A. parasiticus spores were shown when compared with activated plasma.rnThe effects of multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharges atmospheric pressure cold plasma treatments on the reduction of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in peanut substrate were investigated. A High-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector was used for the quantitative analysis of aflatoxins. To decrease the level of aflatoxins after the plasma treatment, the artificially contaminated aflatoxins (200ppb) peanut samples were used. The reduction rates of total aflatoxins in 5L/min for 8min, 5L/min for15min, 10 L/min for 7min, and 10L/min for 15min, and 15L/min for 8 min were 97.1%, 97.8%, 98.4%, 98.1% and 96.1%, respectively. In the case of cold plasma treatment, the total level of aflatoxin was significantly decreased during treatment process at 10 L/min for 7min, and 10L/min for 15min, compared with the other treatment samples (P