Assessment Of Fluoride In Take In Endemic Areas Of Ethiopia And Potential Use Of Calcium Rich Foods In Mitigating Ingested Fluoride

E-cl!ssil'e infake of fluoride is accompanied by a c:JUlNIclerislk sequence of changes ill l e",1I.rnbUill' and periar'icular lisslies. Skeletal changes lead 10 a 'oriable degree of /ocomolOrrndisability. rtll1ging .li'o/ll simple mechanical back pain (0 severe, crippling and neurologicalrnilllpairlllelll. Fluorosis is (/n impUrllll'JI cliniced al!d public health prublem il/ several jJar/~ orrnfhe world. Reports indicate Ihall.J million EthiopiallS dwelling ill £/hiopian Rift /;olley (I.:~. RV)rn(Ire (1/ risk a/fluorosis.rnIII Elhiopia, l/tl!re (Ire sewra! studies reportillgJllloride COIl/ellf a/waler sOllrces while Ihaf ofrndie /lilY ill,ake aIfluoride is scarce. For fhe purpose ojprevelllioll and mitigatory measlires.rnstudies oj a/l pOlel1/ill/ fluoride sources (Ire il11jJortal1l. The knowledge and pracrice~ ofrnendemic cOlllllllmilies Oil eliology o/}luorosis IIIlIyalso help in ils mitigOliolllllld prerelllioll.rnThe objective oI this .I'ludy is therefore fO identify putell/iol }luuride SOI/rces, fluorusis risksrnand to delermine fhe level of die tmy }luoride illtake lind its ejJecls fV suggest mitigatoryrnmeans of ingesred jluoride based on nlllritional ill/en'ention. Moreover Ihe assessmel/l of rhernkllolt'ledge, all ifllde and pracI ices of endemic COlllllllll1ily 011 fluoride contallli/Utl iOll, jluorosisrnlIlId prevenliol1 pracfices is used 10 devise coordill(lfed al/d tal'geled prel'el1fiolJ mechanisms.rnRecollnaissance survey was conducted 10 idemify three waleI' sources /wvingjluoride COllfelllrnill Ihe range of 5-7mg/L (calise skelelal jluol'm"i.) ji-Olll three dijJerem dief(uy al'el/S iI/rnE1hiopian R!fi Valley. In Ihe os.·eSSIIICI1f ./8 waler sources were rOlldolllly selected andrnassessedjor /he level ojfllloride. alit afthose screened Bellli ill Female, !-Ill/akll;'/ Adami/IIIIIrnalld Koboclwbllre in Alaba rere selected 10 slIldy jluoride illlake and Ihe ejJecr of lIutrienlrnil1lake on jll/orosi.". The selecrioll 0/ rhe waler source was based all service year (> lOyn),rnfluoride lewl (5 .$: X .$: 7 mg/LJ and dietary pracrice 0/ the co/III/IItHiry's /Ising Ihe selecredrnwarer source. Foclls gl"Oup discllssions (FGD) were c:al/ducled in each selected dielOr)' areasrn10 col/ect knowledge, allifllde and prac/ices (KAF) 0/ the endemic cOlI/lIUlI/ity 011 fluoridernilltake and jluorosis.rnIndex children and fheir bio{ogicallllOlhers were recruited /rom !lIe three cOI/I/J/llllilies. n,erneligibility criteria for house/wId se/ec/iol1 were dwelling for I/Iore tllall 10 yeors. 11.1'(' ofrn.,e/ecred wafer source and 1II'lti/abilil)' of seI/Ool age c/lild ill tlte hOl/sehold. All eligiblernIto/lseholds who are l"ollll1feered /0 participate ill the s flldy were recl"llited lI11d il//ormed

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