Physicochemical And Casein Characterization Of Ethiopian Camel Milk (camelus Dromedarius)

AbstractrnThe samples were collected from East Showa zone of Oromia national regional state of Ethiopiarnand the ana lysis part conducted in Addis Ababa University college of natural Sciences Center forrnfood Science and Nutrition laboratory with the objective of Physicochemical profilerndetermination and characterization of Dromedary camel milk casein. Twenty milk samples wererncollected from secondary and tertiary partum she camels. physicochemical analysis of wholernmilk was done and casein samples were characterized using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisrn(SOS-PAGE). Data was analyzed using computer package SPSS version 20. The followingrnobservations was made from the results of the study; the average percentage (mean ± SE)rnPhysicochemical composition of whole camel milk for pH, titratable acidity, ash, total solids,rntotal crude protein, fat and lactose were 6.71 ± 0.010, 0.16 ±...0.004, 0.61.± 0.026, 1l.84 ± 0.17,rn2.69 ± 0.08, 3.35 ±...0.029, 5.42 ± 0.13 and 2.08 ± 0.004 respectively. Average casein yield perrn100mi whole milk was 2.44% which contributes about 90% (w/w) of the total protein contentrn(2.69%). Casein was purified by acid precipitation at its isoelectric point of pH4.6 and separatedrnin to three major components of a-CN, p-CN and k-CN with molecular masses estimated in kDarnas 28.84, 23.40 and 22.40 respectively. The molecular masses were determined using standardrnweight markers pageRuler™ (Thermo scientific Inc.) having molecular weight range of 10,000rnto 170,0000a. The relative quantities of a-, p-, and k- were also estimated using the re lativernquantitation method from Myimage software (Thermo scientific Inc.) and fo und to be in the ratiornof 1.3: l. 2: l. The estimated molecular sizes and ratio of casein fractions (a-CN, p-CN and k-CN)rnwere different as compared to other research works whi ch could be because of differences inrnsample breed andlor differences in analytical measurement procedure. From the physicochemicalrnanal ysis result of this study, it is possible to conclude that Dromedary camel milk is a goodrnsource of protein, fat, lactose and minerals.rnKey word s:- Camemilk, Camel milk Protein, Camel milk fat, CamelImlk Lactose, Camel milk case in and SOS-PAGE

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