Asssessing Ground Water Quality Of Addis Ababa City By Using Geographical Information System

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Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources. It becomes a necessary resourcernover the past years due to the increase in its usage for drinking, irrigation and industrial usesrnetc. Groundwater quality assessment is necessary to guarantee sustainable safe use of water.rnMapping of spatial variability of groundwater quality is of vital importance and it is particularlyrnsignificant where groundwater is primary source of potable water. The present study has beenrnundertaken to analyze the spatial variability of groundwater quality for Addis Ababa city, capitalrnof Ethiopia. Ground water pollution is a global issue. However, the extent and degree of severityrnof water pollution is more prominent in developing countries. The aim of this research is tornprovide an overview of present groundwater quality spatial distribution over the city of AddisrnAbaba. Geographical Information System (GIS) is used for the spatial analysis and it is arnpowerful tool for representation and analysis of spatial information related to water resources.rnGeostatistics was used to determine the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters inrnthe study area using GIS and geostatistical techniques. Ordinary kriging interpolationrntechniques was applied to generate water quality maps. The major water quality parametersrnsuch as Total Dissolved Solids, Total hardness, Chloride, Nitrate, Sulphates, Magnesium andrnCalcium have been analysed. The spatial variation maps of these groundwater qualityrnparameters shows that mostly in the central part of the city there is high concentration of nitrate,rnTDS, total hardness. But from those parameters chloride, Magnesium, calcium and sulphaternhave low concentration below the world health Organization standard. The final integrated maprnshows four priority classes such as Excellent, Good, Poor and Very poor groundwater qualityrnzones of the study area and provides a guideline for the suitability of groundwater for domesticrnpurposes. Water quality index (WQI) was used to assess the suitability of groundwater from thernstudy area for drinking purpose. From the WQI assessment The map showed that 78.18 %rn(422.17 km2) of the groundwater of the city were found to be in the excellent water class, 20.86rn% (112.62 km2) good, 0.9 % (4.87 km2) poor and the remaining 0.06 % (0.34 km2) was classifiedrnunder very poor water class based on the computed WQI classification results.rnKey words: Geostatistics, GIS , Ground water, Interpolation, water quality

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Asssessing Ground Water Quality Of Addis Ababa City By Using Geographical Information System

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