Soil erosion is one of the major causes of land degradation that resulted in lowrnagricultural productivity in Ojoje watershed. In the study area, soil erosion by waterrnconstitutes a severe threat to improve the livelihood of the people. Soil and waterrnconservation efforts made earlier period did not bring significant improvements. Thisrnwas mainly due to different factors. The study attempted to assess the perception ofrnfarmers on erosion problem and adoption of introduced soil and water conservationrnmeasures in the area. The required data for the study were collected throughrnquestionnaire, interview, focus group discussion and field observation. The householdrnsurvey questionnaire data have been tabulated and summarized by utilizing thernstatistical package for social science (SPSS).Mostly used soil and water conservationrnstructures were soil bunds, fanya juu, cutoff drains and water ways. Farmers in thernstudy area differently perceive the existence and severity of erosion problem in theirrnfarms. Many farmers perceived loss of top soil and expansion of gullies and rills asrnindicators of erosion while slope steepness of cultivation fields, intensive cultivationrnand absence of fallowing were causes of erosion. Severity of soil erosion in the studyrnarea explained as severe, moderate and minor. Introduced soil and water conservationrnmeasures were structural. Some biological measures in combination with structuralrnmeasures were used. Farmers differently responded to the introduced soil and waterrnconservation measures on cultivation fields. From 122 respondents, 35 (28.7%)rnremoved conservation structures completely, 17(13.9%) selectively removed and thernremaining 70 (57.4%) of the interviewee retained these structures in their originalrnstate. Adoption of introduced soil and water conservation structures varies dependingrnon farmersâ€™ perception to erosion as a problem, educational back ground, age, off farmrnincome, plan and objective of farmer, family size, farm size, source of land and tenurernsecurity, distance of farm from homestead, contact with DAs and training, livestockrnholding and effectiveness of the introduced technology. Those Farmers who perceivedrnthe problem of soil erosion have better, plan to continue SWC in their farm. Farmersrnwith better educational background and attained conservation trainings adopt the soilrnand water conservation structures in their farmlands. In contrary farmers who havernsmaller farm size, elderly farmers, farmers with off farm income, cultivating rentingrnand share cropping lands were non adopters of conservation measures in the studyrnarea. Soil and water conservation activity needs an integration of different bodies inrnproblem identification, planning and implementation. The study recommended that torneffectively plan soil conservation measures, introduce new techniques and managernresources in the right way, it is necessary to involve local farmersrnKey Words: Adoption, Perception, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil erosion