Four populations of the common river frog, Rana angolensis Bocage 1866, in the surroundingsrnof Addis Ababa (Akaki, Entoto, Gulele and Kotebe), Ethiopia, were studied with the sample sizernof 10 for each. Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) as a molecular marker was used to assessrngenetic diversity, both within and between populations, using three di-nucleotide ISSR primers.rnA total of 29 clear and reproducible bands were amplified from the three ISSR primers. The overrnall gene diversity and percent polymorphisms were found to be higher in Akaki than in otherrnpopulations (0.22). The Shannon-weaver diversity index also confirmed the existence of higherrndiversity in Akaki Rana populations than the other populations used in the present study.rnFurthermore, partitioning of the Shannon-weaver diversity showed that the majority of thernvariations were observed within populations of the Akaki and Entoto (68.89% and 55.17%rnrespectively). Similarly, AMOVA demonstrate highly significant (P=0.00) genetic differencesrnwithin each populations than among populations of Rana angolensis. Of the total variation,rn27.25% was attributable to among populations, while 72.75% to within population variation.rnBoth UPGMA and neighbour joining trees were constructed for each individual and populationrnusing Jaccardâ€™s similarity coefficient. The trees do not clearly indicate the four distinct groupsrnwhich are based on populations of area origin. The PCO analysis has also recovered the UPGMArnand neighbour joining trees and each population do not appear to form a clear cluster.rn. Key words: genetic diversity, Rana angolensis populations, ISSR, Addis Ababa