The study was conducted to work out the relation and conservation strategy of thc endcmicrnKlliphofia species by comparing their distribution, demography, reproductive biology, andrngenetic diversity. The KllipllOfia species studied include KlliphoJia foliosa, K. hildebralldtii,rnK. illsignis, K. isoetijolia, K. schill/peri and K. plllllila.The experiments performed were divided into field, greenhouse and laboratory. The field datarnwere collected from nine experimental sites each with a size of 20 m X 20 m plot. The datarncollected from field and greenhouse include demography, reproductive and quantitativernmorphological phenotypic characters. The laboratory studies consist of karyotype, isoenzymernanalysis and sequencing of tmL-tmF intergenic spacer of the chloroplast DNA.rnTheresults obtained from the distribution data showed that the KllipllOfia species are spreadrnin waterlogged grassland to openings in the montane forest on the mountainous part of therncountry ranging from 2000 m.a.s.l. to 4000 m.a.s.l. KnipllOfia foliosa, K. isoetijolia, K.rnschill/peri are relatively widespread than K. insignis and K. hildebrandtii.The results from demography and reproductive biology have shown that Kniphofia species arernclonal plants that reproduce asexually and sexually. The meristems from the rhizomes givernrise to new ramets that later produce their own rhizome. The new rhizome remains attachedrnwith the mother rhizome (underground stem). K. foliosa and K. isoetijolia have runners thatrngive rise to new ramets that have the potential to be physiologically independent clones. K.rnfoliosa has the highest and K. hildebrandtii the smallest number of ramets in the experimentalrnsites. The presently studied Kniphofia species have protandrous flowers and pollinated byrnTecezze sunbirds (Nectarilla tacazze). The fruit to flower ratio ranges from 0.17 to 0.7.rnKlliphofia species have 2n =12 number of chromosomes and the karyotype is 1m + 3sm +rn2sm. The homologous pair in each species has different total chromosome lengths except thernshort arms of chromosome V and VI (p< 0.05). The dendogram made based on thernmorphology of the mitotic chromosomes indicated close relationship among all except K.rnfoliosa.rnThe genetic diversity of the Klliphofia species as a whole is higher than what is described forrnendemic species. The total genetic diversity at the polymolphic loci ranges from 0.123 K.rnfoliosa to 0.396 in K. sclzimperi. The genetic variation harboured among the species is onlyrn6.6%. They have high genetic identity and very low genetic distance than congeneric species.rnDespite their closeness, K. illsigllis showed divergence on the cladogram made based on therngenetic similarity values.rnThe trnL (UAA)3'-trnF (GAA) intergenic spacer of chloroplast DNA of the Klliphofia speciesrnhas very low diversification among the species. The variations realized from the alignment ofrnthe sequences were one length mutation (indel) and four substitutions (transversion). Thernphylogenetic study of the species needs molecular markers that can provide sufficientrnparsimony-informative characters.rnThe results of the studies indicated that the two geographically restricted species (K.rnhildebralldt;; and K. illsigllis) might need due attention when compared to the rest of thernendemic species due to the land use changes taking place at present. Other wise, none of thernstudied population in the studied Klliphofia species are endangered because of genetic erosionrnor inbreeding.