This study entitled Opportunities and Challenges of Gender Mainstreaming Process in the Safetyrnand Security Service department of Economic Commission for Africa in Addis Ababa hasrnconducted with the main objective to explore the existing Gender Mainstreaming practices inrnline with Opportunities and challenges in the study department. In order to achieve this objectivernqualitative research approach was used. For selecting participants of the study purposivernsampling technique was applied. To gather the necessary data, the study employed interview,rndocument review and observation.rnThe major findings of the study reveals that, by recognizing the importance of gender equalityrnand the empowerment of women, gender issues are clearly articulated and included withrnspecified objectives and mandates on the strategic plan of United nation Department of Safetyrnand Security and gender policy of Economic Commission for Africa. Practically female securityrnofficers are highly underrepresented in all managerial level and gender imbalance was highlyrnobserved. Majority of the respondents had not clear understanding about the concept of Genderrnand Gender mainstreaming. Due to; the so called gender focal person of the study departmentrnhas been working mainly as administrative assistance very few works are done by the office withrnregard to gender. The partnership between the Economic Commission for Africa and AfricarnUnion to enhance gender mainstreaming strategy, the Protocol to the African Charter on Humanrnand Peopleâ€™s Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol), the SolemnrnDeclaration on Gender Equality in Africa, the existence of Economic Commission for Africarngender policy and United nation Department of Safety and Security strategy on Gender Equalityrnand women were identified as a good opportunity to implement gender mainstreaming strategyrnwhereas the external entry barriers to join the Safety and Security Service department such as:rnsmall number of female applicants with compared to male counterpart, lack of language skill,rnconfidence and competency, lack of awareness for internet technology and information gap tornfollow vacancy was identified as a challenge for female security officers. Thus, to mitigate thernfactor that hindering Gender mainstreaming strategy rather than depending on the externalrnfactor, the department should be take internal organizational encouragement method.