This research paper is a study on rural households food security status inrnKuyyu wereda. The general objective of the study was to find out the status of thernrural households to access to resources which enable them to produce or purchasernadequate amount of food. Moreover, the basic factors to food security/insecurityrnconditions in the study area were also discussed in detail.rnThe analyses of the study were made use of both primary and secondary data.rnThe primmy data were collected from 400 sample households living in four of thernnineteen Peasant Associations (PAs) in the wereda. The secondary data, on thernother hand, were collected from different libraries, document centers and offices.rnThe study discusses some demographic characteristics of the study area likernsize and sex distribution, fertility, language, religion, literacy and marital status ofrnthe population. Major farm activities of the peasants and access to productive assetsrnsuch as farmlands, livestock, draught power, farm inputs and labor were alsorndiscussed. Moreover, the households' sources of grainlcash income andrnexpenditure, factors determining grain productivity and per capita dietary energyrnsupply as well as the households' asset, dietmy energy supply and cash positionsrnwere discussed in detail.rnFood availability calculations were carried out to measure the status ofrnhouseholds' food security status in the area. Accordingly, only 5.2 percent of thernsample households in the area were found to be access to the nationally recommended daily per capita dietGlY energy supply i. e. 2100 kcal. On the whole,rnthe total available dietary energy from all sources as reported by the householdsrnfulfills less than half of their per capita calorie requirement. Multiple regressionrnanalyses were also carried out to find out to what extent the selected variables affectrnthe households' per capita dietary energy supply and the farmlands productivity.rnAccording to these analyses, possession of farm oxen and livestock, fertilizerrnapplication and family size were among the critical factors determining bothrnproductivity and the status of the households to access to adequate amount offood.rnTherefore, it is suggested that among other things, increasing the real incomernof the peasants, diversifying the rural economy, assuring tenure security, subsidizingrnbasic commercial farm inputs and awaking the peasants continuously on issuesrnrelated to resource management and family planning must receive policy attention tornreduce the households' food insecurity. Moreover, attempts should be made tornincrease the productivity of the livestock sub-sector in the area so that its foodrnsecurity role will be maximized.