Studies On The Effect Of Host Type And Textures On The Survival Of Tribolium Castaneum (coleoptera Tenbrionidae) Parental And Filial Generations

The development of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was studied at two levels of grainrnbreakage (10, 50%), milled (flour) and whole grain of 20 g different grains or hosts (maize,rnbarely, wheat, sorghum, chick pea, faba bean, field pea and haricot bean) that were purchasedrnfrom Markato. These 10 and 50% broken, whole flour, and whole grain (control) were kept in anrnoven at 40 C for four hours to disinfest from internal infestation. Then 20 g of each of the fourrndistinct textures (including the control) of the grains were put in 32 one liter capacity glass jarsrneach and adults (seven pairs), 1-3 days old T. castaneum were introduced in each jar containingrn20 g of each of the three distinct textures of the grains. Following this, the different textures ofrnthe grains in each of the 32 glass jars were kept under laboratory condition (27±2 ºC and 60-65%rnrelative humidity) and female beetles were allowed to lay eggs for 20 days after which all deadrnor live insects were removed. Thereafter, the treatments were left and checked daily until larva,rnpupa and adult emergence respectively. Larvae, pupae and adults’ emergence was recordedrnsubsequently 12, 5 and 20 days in succession after the first larva, pupa and adult emergence inrneach treatment and replicate. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design inrnthree replications in Addis Ababa university of Ethiopia for two generations. The result obtainedrnindicated that adults’ survival and progenies development of T. castaneum in whole and brokenrngrains derived from eight local hosts or grains mentioned above were varied. Survival of parentalrnadult beetles was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in whole than in broken grains and flour in allrncereal grains. Significantly (P< 0.05) higher mean number of Larva, pupa and adult progeniesrnemergence of T. castaneum was recorded in whole milled cereal grains than in whole grains ofrncereals and in both the control and all other forms of pulses (Chick Pea, Faba Bean, Field Pearnand Haricot Bean) both in the 1st and 2nd generations. Significantly (P< 0.05) higher number of T.rncastaneum larvae, pupae and adults progenies were recorded in whole milled, 50% and 10%rngrain breakage of cereal grains, respectively than in whole grain (the control) of cereals and inrnboth the control and all other forms of pulses. Besides, significantly less (P< 0.05) number of T.rncastaneum larvae, pupae and adults progenies were recorded in almost all forms of pulses than inrnall forms of the cereal grains, except the control. The results also showed that in damaged cerealrngrains more larvae, pupae and adults progenies were emerged during the first generation than inrnthe second. Moreover, significantly less (P< 0.05) number of larvae, pupae and adults werernemerged in whole grains in the 1st and 2nd generations when compared with the number of larvae,rnpupae and adults developed in broken and milled grains of cereals.

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