This project gives an overview of different factors militating against effective teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area of Yobe State: the study was motivated by the alarming rate at which secondary school students were abandoning home economics in preference of other school subjects. I felt that if nothing was done no student will offer home economics at the senior school certificate examination (S.S.C.E) level and if there are no such student in the future there will be no student offering home economics as a course of study in the university. Worried by such a situation the research posed three research questions, which guided the study, random sampling was used in the selection of schools. Three public schools were selected from the particular area of study, which have a total number of 97 respondents. Data collected through the questionnaire were analyzed, through percentage analysis techniques. Based on the result of the findings there was inadequate availability of instructional materials to students and teachers, most teachers do not have the pre-requisite qualification and lack the competence to use the available instructional materials. Recommendations made includes employing competence teachers with relevant qualification and skills for teaching, providing effective and required learning resources for effective delivery of teaching and learning in schools.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover page
Title page
Certification pages ii
Approval page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstracts vi
CHAPTER ONE (INTRODUCTION)
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study 2
1.2 Statement of the problem 3
1.3 Purpose of the study 4
1.4 Research Questions 5
1.5 Significance of the study 5
1.6 Operational definitions 6
1.7 Scope and Limitation of the study 7

CHAPTER TWO (REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE)
2.0 Introduction 8
2.1 The nature of home economics 9
2.2 Introduction of home economics in secondary school curriculum in Nigeria 10
2.3 Availability of enough qualified home economics teachers 11
2.4 Availability of enough teaching aids in home economics 12
2.5 Motivation of home economics teachers 14
2.6 Summary 16
CHAPTER THREE (RESEARCH METHODOLOGY)
3.0 Introduction 18
3.1 Research Design 18
3.2 Area of the study 18
3.3 Population of the Study 19
3.4 Sample and sampling techniques 20
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection 21
3.6 Validity of the Instruments 21
3.7 Administration of the Instruments 21
3.8 Data Analysis Techniques 22

CHAPTER FOUR (RESULT)
4.0 Introduction 23
4.1 Data Analysis and Results 23-27
CHAPTER FIVE (DISCUSSION)
5.0 Introduction 28
5.1 Discussion of Findings 28
5.2 Summary 31
5.3 Conclusion 31
5.4 Recommendations 32
References 34-35
Appendices 36-41

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Home economics according to Berkeley (1986) can be an “esoteric subject very few people can grasp economic theory at a deep level and even fewer people are able to explain the subject to young people”. Adding to this difficulty is the fact that relatively few students are interested in learning about economic at a young age.
Home economics came in to the secondary school curriculum in Nigeria in 1966, much later than most other secondary school subjects and home economics was first taken in the West Africa school certificate (WASCE) in 1967 as a school subjects.
Home economics is concern with human behavior such as how people earn their living and makes choice between alternatives to satisfy their wants. It focused on the study of firms and the government whose activities are geared to the production of goods and services for the satisfaction of human want.
Home economics is one of the electives or group of subject expected to be studies at, the senior secondary school (SSS) level under the new national policy on education.
This curriculum according to Osunnaiye (2005) “has been designed by the comparative education study and adaptation centre (CESAC) To Meet the Requirements of Home economics in the New System”.
The guiding principle of this curriculum is the need to equip graduates of the senior secondary school with the basic knowledge and skills that will enable them to better appreciate the nature of economic problem in any society, to equip students with the basic principles of home economics, necessary for useful living and for higher education, preparing and encouraging home economics students to be prudent and effective in the management of scarce resources, raising students respect for the dignity of labour and their appreciation of home economics, cultural and social values of our society effectively.
Obemeata (1991)stated that “the position of home economics in secondary school curriculum has been strengthened because it has been accepted that it had some civil values because some topic as the element and determinants of national income, the structure and activities of labour unions, the working and influence of financial institution”. All this prepares one adequately for life in modern society
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Home economics is one of the subjects at senior secondary schools. It is an important subject taught in the senior secondary schools, home economics is important both to student and the society at large because it cuts across all spheres of human Endeavour.
Robinson (1975) defined home economics as a “social science that studies- human behaviors as a relationship between end and scarce means which have alternative used”
Home economics according to horn by (1973) is the “study of production and distribution of money and goods of a country”. It is the study of how people of society, choose to use their limited resources like land, labour, capital goods and technical knowledge to provide various goods and consumption of the people in the society.
Pigou (1972) believed that “home economics makes it easier to institute practical measures to promote welfare so that the society may build upon the work of economist”. On the Intelligent analysis of educational purposes, pupils in the class and curriculum contents of the moment. A few moments reflection is sufficient to reveal that every society faces crucial issues and problems in education which have very serious economic angels that cannot be over looked easily, for instance, the production of education as well as the acquisition of education both require the use of large quality of scarce resources as (production of education require conducive classrooms, administrative blocks, personnel’s, librarians and laboratories of education which requires expenditure on tuitions, books, travel, uniform, lodging etc and students time).
It is against this background that the study will look into the factors militating against effective teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level Damaturu local government area of Yobe State as a case study.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Home economics is being taught at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area Yobe state studying home economics has a vital role to play in Nigeria education system.
Obafemi (2006) stated that “studying economic is very significant since from senior secondary school level as it helps you to look more deeply into the world around you, how and why it function as it does.”
Here, the researcher’s aim is to find out the factors militating against effective teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area Yobe state.
Some questions are thrown below to help the researcher to find out the problem militating against effective teaching and learning home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area of Yobe State.
1. Could inadequate qualified teachers create problems for proper teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level.
2. Could it be that teaching and learning aids such as text books constitute additional problem?
3. Could there be other factors influencing effective teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level?
However, the pivoting problem of home economics is varied and complex and can be minimally solved if the teachers and students change their attitude to teaching and learning in school generally and to home economics in particular.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The study has been undertaken with view to identify, the problems involved in teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area and factors responsible for these problems. It will therefore examine the teachers and students factors in process of teaching and learning home economics in our Senior secondary schools.
To determine factors militating against the proper teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area.
To find out the availability of instructional material use for teaching and learning of home economics.
To find out why students perform poorly in home economics in senior school certificate examination in Damaturu local government area.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions guided this research work:
What are the factors militating against the proper teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level. In Damaturu local government area?
What are the available instructional materials use for teaching and learning of Home economics?
What are the reasons why students perform poorly in home economics in senior school certificate examination (SSCE) in Damaturu local government area?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
There is need to apply knowledge from home economics to many area of our life Endeavour in order to benefit the society. The achievement of the objective necessitates an understanding of the basic teaching of home economics, we cannot attain national objective in the light of poor average performances to life of students. Without doubts, improve teaching and learning of home economics will spur us in to greater heights.
This study will help to make our educational administrators to see the need to have qualified home economics teachers if not available to handle the subject effectively for the benefits of the students and society at large. This study will help to sensitise the educational administrators to appreciate the needs to make available, the necessary materials, example graphs, chalk board, audio visual material e.t.c that will enhance effective teaching and learning of home economics. This study will help to direct the home economics teachers’ attentions to the needs for them to adopt more appropriate teaching methods. This study will have a great significance because it is going to provide information to economist on information and evaluation of their plans. it will be useful to learners in enabling them to identify the factors militating against the proper teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level. This will help to produce sound home economics students that will function very well in the economy such as
1. Knowing how to use scarce productive resource with alternative uses to meet prescribed ends and be able to apply the principle of home economics
2. The product of home economics should be able to pick employment within a limited employment opportunity in any economy.
This work will serve as a source of encouragement; to students and teachers that will come across it .it is hoped that the findings of this study would also form the basis for further research work by future researchers on this issue.
1.6 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
The following are some of operational definitions guided the research work.
TEACHING: Teaching is an attempt to help some one acquired, or change, some skills, attitude, knowledge, idea or appreciation.
LEARNING: learning is the process of acquiring skills, ideas, knowledge, attitude and appreciation.
STUDENTS: student is a learner or some one who wish to acquire new ideas, views attitude and knowledge.

1.7 SCOPE AND LIMINTATION OF THE STUDY
This study focuses on the examination of factors militating against effective teaching and learning of home economics at senior secondary school level in Damaturu local government area.
The researcher would have liked to do more comprehensive research by in cooperating many more secondary schools in the study but owing to limited time, the study will be restricted to public senior secondary schools only in the local government.