This study was undertaken to assess human resource development practice and challenges in Ethiopia Airlines (EAL) at Addis Ababa head office. To achieved its purpose primary and secondary data used as a source. 187 questionnaires were distributed to get frequency, mean and other descriptive statistics was performed. The results revealed that EAL has strength on assigning competent trainers and allocate adequate facilities for training and development. However, the EAL has major weaknesses especially on training need analysis, training design, training delivery, and program evaluation. In addition, the opportunities were not given to employees to participate in the training and development program need assessment and design. The study has also perceived that there is scarce implementation of career development. The researcher endorses that training needs assessment; design and evaluation techniques should be modified to meet the needs of HR development of EAL. This study also calls for proper Career development program implementation. Finally, the study advises that the upper management should support each human resource development activities to attain its objective effectively