Evaluation of the impact risk survey in the manufacturing firm in Nigeria. The research was aimed at evaluation the impact of risk survey in manufacturing firms in Nigeria with a case study of Emenite Limited which is the researchers’ topic, objective of this study is to determine how risk managers survey their risk and how it is being control in manufacturing firm, and also these underwriting consideration in risk survey. The research method used was design in a manner to ensure adequate representation of Emenite Limited in Enugu Research findings established that reduction in the volume of loss and increase in profit maximization are the important of risk survey in the manufacturing firms. Apart form the existing risk control in manufacturing firms, other various new risk controls should be adopted.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ii

Approval page iii

Dedication iv

Acknowledgement v

Abstract vi

Table of contents vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Statement of the problem 3

1.3 Objectives of the study 4

1.4 Research question 5

1.5 Significance of the study 6

1.6 Scope and limitations of the study 6

1.7 Definition of operational terms 7

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.2 Brief history of Emenite limited 10

2.3 Basic categories of risk 13

2.4 Concept of risk survey 15

2.5 Reasons for risk survey 16

2.6 The products offer by Emenite limited 18

2.7 Various risks exposed to Emenite as a company 19

2.8 Duties of a risk survey in a manufacturing firm 21

2.9 Factors to be considered in risk survey 22

2.10 The implication of risk survey in a manufacturing

firm 24

2.11 Various method/strategies used in risk control 25

2.12 The legal frame work of risk survey 29

2.13 The problems facing insurance industry in risk

control 32

2.14 The prospects of effective risk management

in manufacturing firms 34

2.15 Challenges facing the insurance industry in

effective risk management 35

2.16 Safety audit according to David (1989) 36

2.17 Important of safety audit in manufacturing firm 37

2.18 Advantages and disadvantages of risk survey

(according to Odoh 2003) 38

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research design 40

3.2 Source of data 40

3.2.1 Primary data 40

3.2.2 Secondary data 41

3.3 Location of the study 41

3.4 Population of the study 41

3.5 Validity of the study 42

CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Summary of findings 43

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion 45

5.2 Recommendation 46

5.3 Suggestion for further studies 47

Bibliography 49

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Risk is integral to everyday life. Once we have said that risk is always at the centre of insurance. We should also understand that risk is at the centre of our life. This means that for every human endeavor there is ‘risk’ as a result of our different economic pursuits. According to David (2001) risk exists where the future is unknown. It represents both desirable events and undesirable event. It is a desirable event when one internationally initiates certain things in order to better his socio-economic well being. Because of these desirable and undesirable events, an organization will want to transfer their risk to an instance company, which thereby brings about risk survey.

According to David (1989) the prime object of a risk survey is to provide the underwriter with as complete a picture of the risk being offered as possible; to enable him decide whether the risk was acceptable and how it compared with the same kind and as the basis for deciding premium and other terms.

In the present day the surveyor is still closely concerned with provision of underwriting information and in many situations the information disclosed by the completed proposal form, will need to be supplemented by a surveyors report before the picture is completed. However, the surveyor is now more closely concerned with accident preventions, surveying represents one aspect of the wider subject of risk control. Moreover, practice varies among individual answers and there are no established criteria for surveying manufacturing firms. However, it may safely be stated that risks of unusual character or with special features will normally be surveyed in that firm. A safety or risk audit will be conducted.

A safety audit is a critical examination of an individual operation in its entirely to identify potential hazard and level of risk Audits are often undertaken by multidisciplinary terms individual members should have a good knowledge of legal requirements, an understanding of reasonable practice in the industry and above all the ability to communicate with at levels of personnel or department within the organization. In many companies, this expertise is not readily available and so audits tend to be undertaken by external specialist such as consulting engineers acting independently or employed by insurance companies. In a manufacturing firm like Emenite Limited. Risks that presents a serious injury/hazard are those where there are substantial involvement machinery(s) Reports from the Health and safety executive in Emenite limited however, shows that some 80% of accidents are not caused by machinery but by such simple things as falls, lifting heavy weight or defective hand tools.

Risk survey will thereby go a long way in boosting productivity in manufacturing firm via review of risk and it will also help to facilitate improvement in the work force of the company like Emenite Limited.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

For the purpose of this study, the researcher identified some key factors that will help in identifying the problem.

a. There are various risk exposures in manufacturing firms

b. The ways of handling such risk exposures have not been encouraging.

c. Risk surveyors in manufacturing firms have not been living up to their expectations.

d. There have been lots of bottlenecks in implementing the preferred recommendations.

e. To know the role of surveys in identifying such risk and controlling the effects of the operation of manufacturing firms in Nigeria.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

a. To find out the various risk exposure in manufacturing firms in Nigeria

b. To find out various ways of handling such risks exposures in manufacturing firms.

c. To find out the problems facing the insurance companies on identifying such risk exposures in manufacturing firms.

d. To know the role of risk survey in manufacturing firms

e. To make recommendations on how to improve the manufacturing firms through adequate risk survey tools by the insurance industry.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

a. What are the various risks exposures in manufacturing firm in Nigeria?

b. How can such risks exposures be handled by the insurance industry in order to keep the manufacturing firms going?

c. What are the problems facing the insurance industry in risk survey in manufacturing firms?

d. What are the roles of risk surveying the manufacturing firms in Nigeria?

e. What are the recommendations to improve risks surveys in manufacturing firms?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research work will be of immense help to:

The student: it will help the researcher to know more on the impact of insurance industry towards economic development of Nigeria.

The Stake holders: this study will be of great importance to stake holders as it will enrich their knowledge on the various risk in manufacturing firms.

Insurance company: this will equally be of help to the insurance companies and financial institutions in Nigeria because when they abide by the recommendations provided by the researcher it will help them in time of decision making.

The country at large: this study will be of great importance to the country Nigeria as it will help the policy makers to prorogate laws that will guide insurance contracts in Nigeria.

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Scope refers to the dimension of coverage of this work. It is restricted to Emenite Limited Enugu. The information gathered will be used as reference to other manufacturing firms within the federation.

In carrying out this research work, the researcher was faced with certain problem which includes;

i. Time: Time constraints, as student researches the problem of trying to keep up with lectures and at the same time running around for the collection of necessary information for completion of this research work.

ii. Money: The cost incurred in carrying out this study is very high in terms of transportation, photocopying and internet browsing.

iii. Cooperation: The uncooperative attitude of some staffs due to their duty of secrecy they owed to their company.

iv. Data: The difficulty of obtaining relevant materials pertaining to this research work.

1.7 DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL TERMS

Hazard: It is referred to the condition that creates or increases the chance of loss arising from given peril (Okonkwo 1998).

Hedging: It is a risk transferring mechanism. It can also be an option or a future option where an organization may decide to arrange a contract with a supplier of any particular product to supply them and he pays premium, so that no matter the level of increase or decrease in price the supplier must supply that product to the organization (NWITE 2004).

Insurance: It is a contract between two parities that insured and insurer whereby, the insurer promises to identify the insured if the insure of event happens and on the other hand the insured will pay a sum called premium to the insurer. (Aneke 2004)

Moral Risk: This is concerned with the attitude and conduct of people. In insurance, this will be primarily, the conduct of the insured and insurer (Okonkwo 1998).

Insurer: It can be said to be an insurance company who offers protection/grant cover or insure an individual, private organization against loss or insured peril (Aneke 2004).

Premium: This is the prices paid for the purchase of an insurance cover which will be paid monthly or annually or the price for which the insurer undertakes the insured liability (Aneke 2004).