This thesis has attempted fa uncover how ecotollrism practices in BMNP proved to providernlivelihood options for the local communities; and emerged to be a tool for biodiversityrnconservation. The study has carried out in BMNP considering Dinisho Wereda and four kebelsrnas sample. The rationale for the selection of Dinisho Wereda and the four kebeles is the focI thatrnthe Wereda has better tourism facilities, easily accessible; and the significan t economic andrnenvironmental implications of ecotourisl1'l have been realizable and visible in this Wereda. Thernstudy has employed multiple methodologies. Thus, qualitative and quantitative researchrnstrategies; household survey design; and multi stage, purposive, and simple random samplingrntechniques have been used. The findings of the study has revealed that the baggage of localrncommunities dependence on unsustainable use of the natural resources a/park continue to exist.rnThe local communities have exhaustively depended on agriculture as the main stay. Thus,rnecotourism has hardly been emerged as an alternative livelihood for the local communities.rnWhereas the income generated from eCOfDurism has not yet been reinvested for communityrndevelopment and natural resource conservation. Biodiversity conservation has still beenrnembedded within financial shortfalls. Ecotourism developmelll in BMNP is not claimed to berneconomically and environmentally sound. It has been recommended that whUe carrying out anyrnprojects ill BMNP IVhere peoples' and resource interactioll is high, the local communitiesrnillterests should not be marred as a bellefactor. Ecotourism activities should acquire specificrnpolicy guide lines and institutional basements. The development of ecotourism should explicitlyrnrecognize the sltstenance of natural resources in reconciliation with Ihe economic wellbeing ofrnthe local communities.rnKey ;W0rds: Ecotourism, biodiversity, livelihoods, income, sustainability and conservation