Prevalence Of Anemia And Associated Factors In Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Patients Attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Cardiac Clinic From June 1- October 30

Background: Anemia is one of the common comorbidities in heart failure patients withrnreduced ejection fraction and its presence is associated with decreased functionalrncapacity, poor quality of life, an increase in the rate of hospital admission, and increasedrnmortality. Previous studies have estimated the prevalence of anemia in heart failurernpatients to be 10-50%. Older age, renal dysfunction, female sex, and advanced NYHArnfunctional class are reported to be independently associated with anemia. Anemia is arnprevalent problem in the Ethiopian setting affecting 23% of reproductive-age women, andrn18% of adult men. But data is lacking about its prevalence and factors associated with itrnin heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction in our set up. rnObjective: To assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factors in heart failurernpatients with reduced ejection fraction on follow-up in the cardiac clinic of TASH with arnclinical diagnosis of HFrEF from June 1 –October 30. rnMethod- A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted byrninterviewing HFrEF patients who came to the cardiac clinic during the study period andrnreviewing their i-care records. CBC and renal function tests were done for these patientsrnand the results were collected. History of diabetes, etiology of HF, use of ACEI/ARB andrnadmission in the past 6 month was assessed from the patient’s i-care records and patientrninterviewing. Quality of life assessment was done using Amharic version of KCCQ-12rnquestioner. EF was taken from previous echo reports documented on icare records.rnPatient’s demographic data, laboratory parameters and KCCQ-12 score were collectedrnusing a structured checklist. The data collected was cleared, entered and analyzed usingrnSPSS software version 20. The research was conducted with an estimated total budget ofrn27,148.00 birr. rnResult- Among 138 HFrEF patients 27(19.8%) patients had anemia. Anemic patients hadrna lower quality of life as indicated by lower KCCQ-12 score (34 vs 43) (p=0.004), arnhigher rate of admission history within 6 months prior to presentation. (44% vs 12.6%)rn(p=0.041) and lower mean eCrCl(75 vs 87ml/min)(P=0.046). On binomial logisticrnregression, male sex is also found to be an independent predictor of anemia in thisrnstudy(p=0.002) but no strong association was found with the age of patients, the presencernof diabetes, etiology of HF, and the use of ACEI/ARBs. Anemic patients also tend tornhave more NHYA class III HF than Class II HF.

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