South Sudan Failure In State Building And Its Regional Implications

This thesis deals with Failure of State Building in South Sudan and its RegionalrnImplications for the security, political, and socio-economy of countries in the Horn subregion.rnThe study examines the underlying factors that caused civil war in South Sudanrnfrom various angles and perspectives. Qualitative research methodology is used in therncourse of collecting and analyzing data by employing both primary and secondaryrnsources as method of data collection. Primary data are elicited through key informantrninterviews from individuals in various institutions that are knowledgeable on the subjectrnof the study. Secondary sources used in this study include books, journal articles, reportsrnand pertinent web-sources. Based on the above mentioned sources of data the study has tried to answer the research questions that are composed of historical, political andrneconomic causes of the conflict between North and South Sudan; underlying factors ofrncivil war in South Sudan after independence; and South Sudan’s state failurernimplications for the Horn region.rnThe finding of the study has shown that the civil war in South Sudan has far-reachingrnsecurity, political, and socio-economic consequences on the peoples and states of thernregion. First, since the conflict in South Sudan is linked to the complex conflict system inrnEast and the Horn of Africa, and Central Africa and North Africa, it is likely to draw inrnmost of the state and non-state actors in the region. This is likely to result into a crisis inrnthe region and would bring about a shift in the balance of power in the region andrnreshape the regional security architecture. Second, civil war in South Sudan would resultrnin undermining the democratization processes that are currently underway in mostrncountries in the region. Third, the countries of the Horn of Africa like Sudan, Uganda,rnKenya, and Ethiopia that have strong economic ties with South Sudan are also adverselyrnaffected by the civil war in South Sudan. Fourth, apart from humanitarian responsibilityrnto grant asylum to so many refugees by the neighboring countries, refugees can affectrnstability in the host countries, and insurgent rebel groups may use the resultant instabilityrnin the border regions. Finally, the conflict has destroyed the ecology of the country thatrnhas led to the shortage of food, drought, famine, and desertification both within SouthrnSudan and the countries of the Horn sub-region.rnTherefore, South Sudan’s neighbors have to be vigilant against the impending civil warrnas it is by far the worst security, political and socio- economic threatening episode. Thus,rnthe international community led by the United Nations, with support of the AfricanrnUnion, the European Union, the United States, and IGAD should exert pressure on thernwarring parties to stop the fighting in order to save South Sudan from descending into arncomplex political, and socio-economic turmoil that could lead to total state collapse

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