The importance of Environmental Impact Assessment (ErA) is clearly recognizedrnunder the FDRE constitution. The constitution also recognizes certain rightsrnconcerning the environment in the interest of the general public. In order tornfacilitate the practical implementation of the rights, the goverrunent enactedrncertain EIA proclamation and guidelines. The guidelines contain certain ErArnprocesses and objectives that the federal EPA and regional environmentalrnagencies are expected to follow. The implementation of these requirementsrnrequires the application of, the mitigation measures, participation of the Public,rnthe preparation of EIA study report and review by the Proponents, monitoringrnand evaluation of EIA study report by the competent authorities. The study arearnof this paper is East Shawa Zone of Orornia Regional State.rnWhere the essential requirements of EIA, like preparation of EIA study report byrnthe proponents, and review of EIA, public participation, absence of EIA followrnup mechanisms, such as evaluation and monitoring are not implemented asrnprescribed in the ErA guidelines and proclamation. Lack of effective observationrnof these laws became the cause for violations of environmental rights to a cleanrnand healthy guaranteed in the constitution. Thus, unless the concerned officialsrnand the government give due attention to the matter, the rights of the localrnpeople and the next generation will be in danger.rnThe study divided into five chapters ranging from background of the study tornrecommendations.rnKey terms: Environmental Impact Assessment, the right to a clean and healthyrnenvironment, and human rights.