The primary purpose of the study was to investigate and describe the pattern of bilingualism andrnlanguage use of the diverse conununity in Hawassa Zurya Woreda (HZW). To conduct the study,rn250 participants were involved. 239 research participants were selected randomly; and thernremaining 12 were selected purposely. The main data gathering instruments was questiOlmaire.rnMoreover, focus group discussion (FGD), interview, and observation were used asrnsupplementary instrwnents. The required data were analyzed in both qualitative and quantitativernresearch methods. In quantitative research method frequency counts and percentages werernemployed. Data from the open ended questions, interview, and an FGD were analyzedrnqualitati vely.rnThe results obtained show that various socioeconomic and political factors attributed to thernsocietal multilingualism of HZW. Different mother- tongue (MT) speakers are bilingual inrnAmharic to a greater extent and in Sidaarnuafoo to a certain extent. On the other hand, AmharicrnMT speakers are bilingual in Sidaamuafoo to a greater and Afan- Oromo to a lesser degree.rnAmharic is more frequ ently the MT of children Â·than other languages and rather than to any otherrnage groups. Sidaamuafoo is more frequently the second language (SL) of the young and ofrnchildren. There is a greater tendency to shift from Afan-Oromo, Hadiyyisa, Kambatisata, andrnSidaamuafoo to Amharic.rnLanguages such as Sidaarnuafoo, Amharic, Wolaytato, Karnbatisata, Afan- Oromo, Hadiyyisa,rnand English are used to a different extent. Amharic is more frequently used across the differentrndomains. These domains are: family, neighborhood, recreational areas, market, worshiping place,rnhealth center, administration, school, and idir meetings. Amharic is also the major language ofrninter group communication. Sidaarnuafoo is the next largely used language in the study area.rnSidaamuafoo and Afan- Oromo are the predominant languages of reconciliation ceremony.