Abstract
This research work focused on role of FRCN in propagating culture in Nigeria (A study of Abatete Idemili South L.G.A in Anambra State). It aims at finding out whether FRCN as a channel of mass media recognize it’s obligation to the society, especially in Abatete. survey method was adopted and the instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and personal interview. The population of the study is 20,000 out of which 200 were sampled purposively. Data collected was analyzed in tables and simple percentages. The researcher used chi-square (x2) for the statistics measure of the study. The researcher recommends that FRCN should be up and doing in the area of cultural propagation because, it helps to give Nigeria a wider coverage, especially in the rural areas. Therefore, government should establish media outfits, such as magazines, newspapers, more radio stations in other rural areas of Nigeria. The result of this study showed that FRCN through it’s various propagating had really impacted positively in propagating culture among the people of Abatete.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) was originally founded in 1933 by the British colonial government named the Radio Diffusion Service (RDS), it allows the public to hear the British Broadcasting Corporations, foreign radio service broadcast placed on strategic public location with loudspeakers.
In April 1950, the Radio Diffusion Services (RDS) became the Nigeria Broadcasting Service and introduced radio station in Lagos, Kadunna, Enugu, Ibadon and Kano. This service was recognized into the Nigeria Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) on April 1st 1957, by the act of parliament. Its mission was to provide as a public service, independent, impartial broadcasting services. By 1962, the Nigeria Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) had expanded its broadcast station into Sokoto, Maiduguri, llorin, Zaria, Jos and Kastina in the north, Portharcourt, Calabar and Onitsha, in the east and Abeokuta , Warri and Ijebu ode in the west. Each of these stations were considered a subsidiary stations of a regional station.
Before this, the federal parliament approved the creation of the voice of Nigeria (VON) external shortwave service in 1961. Its initials operations were limited to two hours a day to west Africa, but by 1963 the voice of Nigeria (VON) had expanded both its coverage and transmission times with the addition of five additional transmitters. In 1978, the Nigeria Broadcasting Corporation and the Broadcasting corporation of Northern Nigeria (BCNN) merged together to become the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) medium wave transmitters previously owned by the Nigeria Broadcasting corporation
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(NBC) were transferred to the individual state government were the transmitters were located. Today, Radio Nigeria has 25 stations located throughout the country and together with the voice of Nigeria, consider itself to have the largest radio network in Africa.
In Nigeria today, FRCN has really enhance culture in Nigeria especially in Anambra state. Culture can be define as the total way of life of the people or the identify through which a particular set of people can be identified. Every society, no matter how civilized or uncivilized has its totality and way of life. This way of life is carried on from one generation to the other, it is naturally impacted on to the young one’s through various channels of communication of which one of the outstanding is the electronic media which is the FRCN. FRCN plays the role of disseminating information or message to its targeted audience. Through this media which is the FRCN, information is been passed to the people.
Communication according to Nwuneli (1985: 187), Is the sharing of experience, which may involve two or more people.
Nwosu (2007), see communication as the process whereby we attempt to transmit our thoughts, ideas or emotion to other.
Goldevin (1991), Opted communication has the sharing of information on a established dialogue between planners and project, participants beginning at the design stages and extending through implementation and evaluation.
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Hedebro (1985), is of the view that communication is a situation where messages are transmitted between institutions, people and media, irrespective of whether there is feed back or not.
From the above definitions, it is clear that communication means to share information, ideas, opinions, feelings and experience between people. For communication to get to its targeted audience it must pass through a channel which FRCN is one of the channels.
The media is a compound of many things rolled into one, the media is divided into two parts, the broadcast and the print media. The media helps in disseminating information, cultural transmission and bring about news entertainment.
According to O’shaughnessy (1999:4), the mass media are technologically developed and economically profitable forms of human communication, held in public or private ownership which can transmit information, ideas, entertainment across time and space to a diverse group of people.
Therefore, through the broadcast media which is the FRCN, crucial roles are played in educating members of the society and enlightening the people on the need to uphold their culture.
The federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) is believed to have the capacity which can cut through the barrier of illiteracy and is the overall development of the society. This perspective has been accepted by different authorities in mass communication, from the long standing traditional change, this suggest that FRCN is relevant in power distribution and watching over the extent at which the power is negatively or positively being impacted on the people.
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FRCN, transmits ideas information, to the targeted audience, this shows that they are responsible for most adjustments in the behavioural patterns of the people in the society.
As a channel of mass media, FRCN recognizes their obligation to the society especially in the area of culture and promoting same value, Abatete is inclusive.
Imperatively research has it that the mode of dressing among the people of Abatete is of responsible standard. This is due to the influence of FRCN as an agent of communication and socialization in the community. The women of Abatete wear gorge wrappers or lace with huge head gear and also decorate their necks with bids. While the men put on expensive shirt called jogi on top of their wrappers along with ozo red cap and neck bids. The youth also dress in their traditional attire to suit the culture.
The traditional and local music of the people are also evident to prove Abatete community and culture. FRCN does their best in making sure the culture music of the old does not go into extinction. Example of such music are, Egwe, Olisilu,Oku ,Egwe Ijele, Agbogo Mmuo, Egwu Oyilu Oga, that go with this culture at this time.
Radio programmes are aired every now and then to promote language understanding among the people. Such programmes include, news programmes, current Affairs, public enlightenment, entertainment.
Despite these, there are still ways that FRCN lacks in propagating culture among the people of Abatete, For example: The youths don’t really know their own dialect and is not used to the kind of cloths that is supposed to be worn and also the kind of music played and this has been problem seen with these youths. This culture is built, maintained, uplifted and sustained through communication via the FRCN, because
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cultural power and promotion reside in communication. It is based on these established facts that the role of FRCN in propagation culture in Nigeria came up.
1.2 Statement of the Problem.
Since every research study aims at solving a problem, therefore, the problem of this study is to investigate how has FRCN propagate culture in Abatete Idemili South Local Government in Anambra State, again to find out how the propagation of culture by FRCN affect the Abatete people.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The objectives for this research include the following
1 To know if FRCN do propagate culture in Abatete.
2 To know if the propagation of culture by FRCN affect the Abatete people.
3 To know the impact of FRCN in propagating culture in Abatete, Idemili South in Anambra state.
1.4 Research Questions
In the course of this research work, the following questions were raised as it is relevant to the study.
1 To what extent does FRCN propagate culture in Abatete ?
2 How does the propagation of FRCN affect the people of Abatete?
3 How does FRCN impact culture in their propagation on the people of Abatete?
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1.5 Research hypotheses
Two Hypotheses will be used to effectively reach meaningful conclusion in this study and they are:
H1: FRCN propagate culture in Abatete.
H0: FRCN does not propagate culture in Abatete.
H2: FRCN propagation of culture affect the people of Abatete.
H0: FRCN propagation of culture does not affect the people of Abatete.