Background: One of the most important potential pathogens found in the microflora of thernnasopharynx is Streptococcus pneumoniae. S. pneumoniae (pneumococceus) is a major cause ofrndisease, ranging from uncomplicated respiratory tract infections to severe invasive pneumococcalrndisease (IPD).rnObjective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniaerncarriage, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and risk factors of pneumococcal colonization of thernnasopharynx among children