Arginase Activity In The Blood Of Patients With Hiv Tb And Hivtb Co-infections

Background: HIV/AIDS and TB remain a major global public health problem and their globalrndistribution is heavily skewed toward low income and emerging economics. Africa, and morernspecifically Sub-Saharan Africa, faces the worst epidemic of the two diseases since the advent ofrnthe antibiotic era. Both TB and HIV have profound effects on the immune system, as they arerncapable of disarming the host’s immune responses through mechanisms that are not fullyrnunderstood. The catabolism L-arginine by arginase has emerged as a potent mechanism for thernregulation of immune responses.rnObjectives: To measure arginase activity in the blood of patient with HIV, TB and HIV/TB coinfectedrnpatients at Zewditu Memorial and St. peter's Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2014 to October 2014.Venousrnblood was collected from patients before initiation of treatment and controls in BD VacutainerrnEDTA tubes. Isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is performed by densityrngradient centrifugation on Histopaque-1077(Sigma) where as Plasma was obtained afterrncentrifugation of a blood at 1800 rpm for 10 minutes. Arginase enzyme activity was determinedrnusing colorimetric assay based on color formed when urea produced is heated in acid with -rnisonitrosopropiophenone. Data were evaluated by using GraphPad Prism version 6.05 and therndifferences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.rnResult: Increased arginase activity was observed in PBMC of HIV, TB and HIV/TB co-infectedrnpatients than in PBMC of healthy controls and similarly higher arginase level also measured inrnplasma of TB and HIV/TB co-infected patients than in plasma of healthy control. Moreover, arnCD+4 T cell counts of HIV and HIV/TB co-infected patients and BMI of HIV, TB and HIV/TBrnpatients were negatively associated with PBMC arginase activity.rnConclusion: Our results suggest that arginase activity is become higher during HIV, TB andrnHIV/TB co-infections.rnKeywords: PBMC, plasma, HIV, TB, HIV/TB patients, Arginase

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