Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease involvingrninflammation of synovial joints. The interest in the study of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR)rnand neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio( NLR) has grown recently because they have been found tornbe predictive of the prognosis of patients with diverse inflammatory and ischemic conditions andrnthese ratios are easily calculated from hematology analyzer printout. However, in Ethiopia nornpublished study is available in this regard.rnObjective: This study aimed to assess platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil tornlymphocyte ratio (NLR) as potential biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis at St. Paul'srnHospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from April-July, 2019.rnMethod: This comparative cross-sectional study enrolled 61 newly diagnosed adult rheumatoidrnarthritis patients and 61 sex and age matched healthy controls. Blood sample was collected fromrnall study participants using convenient sampling technique. CBC was measured using MindrayrnBC5300 hematology analyzer and BD sedintainer was used for ESR measurement, while RFrnand CRP were done based on latex agglutination method. Data analysis was done using SPSSrnversion 20. Level of significance between groups was analyzed using independent student t-testrnand Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluaternthe performance of PLR and NLR. P values less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.rnResult: The median PLR and NLR were significantly increased in RA patients compared withrnhealthy controls 195(IQR, 150-242) vs 125(105-150), P