Evaluation Of Anti-hyperglycemic Effect Of Hydroethanolic Extract Of Foeniculum Vulgare (ensilal) Seed On Alloxaninduced Diabetic Male Wistar Albino Rats.

Background: - Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by arnchronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from inherited and acquired deficiency in productionrnof insulin by the pancreas, and due to resistance to insulin’s effects. DM is one of the leadingrncauses of death, disability, illness, and economic loss in the world. Nowadays herbal medicinesrnhave become a good alternatives for the treatment of hyperglycemia. Ethiopia has many plants thatrnare useful in the treatment of different diseases from those fennel has a potential in reducing thernhyperglycemic state during diabetes. rnrnObjective: - To evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) seed rnhydro-ethanolic extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar albino rats.rn rnMethod: -Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats with a weight of 180-250 grams were induced withrndiabetes using 175mg/kg alloxan monohyderate. After grouping, experimental rats were givenrndaily oral administration of hydro - ethanolic extract of Foeniculum vulgare seed (100, 200 andrn400mg/kg) for 21consecuative days. Fasting blood sugar, total cholestrol, triglyceride, alaninernaminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and histopatology of liver was assessed. Glibenclamidernwas used as a standard reference drug. Additionally in vitro study conducted on Free radicalrnscavenging and α amylase inhibitory activity of the Foeniculum vulgare seed hydroethanolic extractrnwas also investigated. rnrnResult: - Foeniculum vulgare seed hydro-ethanolic extract showed a highly significant blood- rnglucose-lowering effect. After induction of diabetes, rats treated withrn400mg/kgrnextractrnrespond inrna better, gradual, and statistically significant way to reduce mean blood glucose levels from 352 rnmg/dl on day 0 to 189.1 mg/dl on 21rnst rnday. In addition, a significant reduction was observed inrntotal cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase analysisrnalso, liver abnormality restoration were seen in histopatological study. Besides, good anti- rnoxidative andrnα amylase inhibitory activity was shown from the in vitro lab tests.rnrn rnConclusion: - The result of the experiment showed that Foeniculum vulgare seeds may have severalrnbioactive secondary metabolites effective in lowering blood glucose levels and increasing bodyrnantioxidants.

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