Background: Hormones often act as immunomodulators. Immune and endocrine interaction duringrninfectious diseases may determine the failure or success of the immune response. This is particularlyrntrue for an infection like tuberculosis, in which pathogen and immune system coexist in a continuousrninteraction. Hormonal changes are likely to occur since some of the cytokines produced during thisrndisease could affect endocrine mechanisms that, in turn, influence the course ofrninfectious/inflammatory processes. This communication pattern exists due to the fact that cytokinernproducing cells as well as hormone-producing cells share common receptors and ligands. Profilingrnhormone levels in the different stages of TB infection or disease could therefore provide importantrninsight in the understanding of the disease that could ultimately contribute in the development of rnprognostic biomarker pools. rnObjective: to assess selected endocrine hormone profiles in different stages of tuberculosis infectionrnfrom repository plasma samples collected over a period of time at the Armauer Hansen ResearchrnInstitute (AHRI) laboratory. rnMethods: A Comparative cross sectional study was conducted to analyze the levels of plasmarnendocrine hormones in randomly selected stored plasma samples from September to December, 2018rnGC, at AHRI, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. A total of 226 plasma samples, collected from pulmonary andrnextra pulmonary TB patients, particularly TB lymphadenitis cases, close household contacts of PTBrnpatients and leprosy patients, were retrieved from AHRI biorepository using convenient sampling andrnevaluated for selected endocrine hormones (DHEA, cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, growth hormonernand leptin) using ELISA. Data has been entered, cleaned and analyzed using GraphPad Prism 7 andrnSPSS version 20.0. rnResults: Plasma cortisol level was significantly higher in PTB, TBLN and leprosy patients comparedrnto both LTBI uninfected groups (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0011, P = 0.0044, respectively) and infected groupsrn(P < 0.0001, P = 0.0135, respectively). The levels of DHEA and leptin were significantly low in PTBrnpatients compared to LTBI uninfected groups (P < 0.0446, P < 0.0001, respectively). Similarly, levelsrnof leptin was significantly lower in TBLN and leprosy patients compared to healthy controls (LTBIrnuninfected groups) (P = 0.0023, P < 0.0001, respectively). On the other hand, plasma levels of DHEA,rnestradiol, testosterone and leptin significantly increased in PTB patients following treatment, whereasrnthe concentration of cortisol and human growth hormone declined significantly after treatment (P=rn0.0001, P=0.03, P=0.0003, P=0.002, P=0.045, P=0.045 respectively). rnConclusion: TB Patients are characterized by increased plasma levels of cortisol and decreased DHEArnand leptin levels. Our study also indicated that treatment results in increased DHEA, leptin, estradiol rnand testosterone and decreased cortisol and human growth hormone among pulmonary TB patients. rnThis alteration of hormones during TB disease suggests that hormones might influence the immunernresponse to M. tuberculosis and therefore the course of the disease.