Effect Of Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia On Iron Store Of Term Newborns

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a severe form of iron deficiency. It mostrncommonly occurs in pregnant women and infants. One of the causes of IDA in early childhood isrnthe acquisition of lower than the normal amount of iron store at birth. The stored iron of thernnewborn babies, which is the main source of iron during the first six months of their age, isrnendowed from the maternal circulation. Therefore, knowledge of the effect of maternal IDA onrnthe iron stores of term newborns will be relevant for better management of IDA in infancy.rnObjective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia onrniron store of term newborns.rnMethodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 13, 2011 to February 20,rn2012 in Obstetrics and Gynecology departments of St. Paul’s hospital, Selam and Gulelie healthrncenters. A total of 95 pregnant women and their respective newborns that fulfilled the inclusionrncriteria were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from the mothers and cord ofrnnewborns and analyzed for complete blood count and serum ferritin levels using Cell-dyn 1800rnand Cobas e 411 analyzers, respectively. Women were classified into three groups as: ironrndeficient anemic, iron deficient non anemic and non iron deficient non anemic based onrnhemoglobin and serum ferritin values. All pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical qualityrnaspects were thoroughly controlled. For statistical analysis MedCalc® software Version 12.1.4rnwas used.rnResult: The median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels for the pregnant women were 12.2g/dlrnand 42.1ng/ml, respectively. The median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels for the newbornsrnwere 16.1g/dl and 187.6ng/ml, respectively. Newborns of iron-deficient anemic pregnant womenrn(152.6ng/ml) had significantly lower levels (rnp = 0.0008) of serum ferritin than non iron deficientrnnon anemic pregnant women (225.9ng/ml). Besides, newborns ferritin and hemoglobin levelsrnhave significant correlation with hemoglobin (rnrrns rn= 0.256, p = 0.0122; rrn= 0.226, p = 0.0279),rnand ferritin (rrns rn= 0.366, p = 0.0003; rrns rns rn= 0.268, p = 0.0086) levels of the mothers. Maternal age rnhad an effect on the ferritin status of newborns, where newborns delivered from younger mothers rn(< 24 years) had higher serum ferritin values than the others (> 24 years).rnConclusion: The study demonstrated that maternal iron deficiency anemia has a significant rnimpact on the iron store levels of their newborn.

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