Occurrence And Anti-microbial Susceptibility Pattern Of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae In Governmental Hospital Wastewater In Addis Ababa Ethiopia
Background: Worldwide, come out and dissemination of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamasesrn(ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae has been warning the efficacy of antibiotics to treat anrninfection. Hospital wastewater might be a reservoir of such kind of resistant bacteria. Currently,rnthe predominant antibiotics used for the treatment of hospitalized patients infected by Gramrnnegative bacteria are the ð›½-lactam antibiotics. So it is an important source to investigate thernmagnitude of ESBLs producing bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. rnObjective:-To determine the occurrence of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae(ESBLs-pE).rnand their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in wastewater released from governmental hospitals inrnAddis Ababa, Ethiopia. rnMethod: Across-sectional study was carried out from April 1 to May 31, 2020. A total of 100rnwastewaters were collected from five governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa using a grapsamplingrnrntechnique. All Enterobacteriaceae were screened for ESBLs production usingrncefotaxime and ceftazidime as per 29rnthrn CLSI guideline. Each screen positive for ESBLsrnproduction was confirmed by the combination disk method (CDT) and their antibioticrnsusceptibility pattern were done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Muller Hintonrnagar (MHA). Data were entered and summarized using SPSS version 20 software. rnResults: Of all Enterobacteriaceae, 48.3% were confirmed ESBLs-pE. The highest ratio ofrnESBLs-Pe was observed in adult ward (66.7%) and laundry unit effluent (58.8%). The highestrnESBL producers were E. coli (21.8%) and K. pneumoniae (4.8%). The most elevated resistancernlevel of ESBL producer were observed to cefotaxime (95.8%) and amoxacilline/clavunalatern(93%). 64% of tested Enterobacteriaceae isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR). rnConclusion: Higher magnitude of MDR and ESBLs-pE were present in the hospital wastewater. rnMajority of them were in adult ward and laundry unit effluents. The most frequent ESBLs-pErnwas among E .coli and K. pneumoniae. Hence, Consistent infection prevention and controlrnprocedures should be in practice at each ward/unit.