Objective: To assess the association between serum magnesium levels and risk of type 2 diabetesrnand to evaluate the effect of magnesium supplementation on diabetes status.rnDesign: Systemic reviewrnData Sources: By the electronic databases searches journals and retrieved studies published inrnEnglish language by systematically searching Medline, JCEM, European journals of ClinicalrnNutrition and American Medical Association from 1992 to Feb 2011 and by manually examiningrnthe references of the original articles.rnStudy Selection: includes prospective cohort studies and random case control trials reportingrnrelative risks with 95% confidence intervals for the association between magnesium intake andrnincidence of type 2 diabetes.rnResults: Most of the studies included in this review comprising patients of type 2DM showedrnsignificantly lower serum magnesium levels compared to the controls. Magnesiumrnsupplementation studies also showed resulted in significant improvement in serum levels of Mg,rnFGL, HDL-C; serum TG levels were found to decrease significantly while plasma cholesterolrnlevels were not affected.rnConclusions: Serum magnesium levels were significantly low in type 2 DM compared to therncontrols group. A direct relationship between the status of Diabetes and Mg levels was alsornnoted. A significant improvement in serum Mg levels, FGL and HDL-C concentration wasrnobserved after Mg supplementation. No significant difference in levels of serum cholesterol wasrnnoted.rnOver all the Magnesium supplementation appeared to have improved the insulin sensitivity andrnmetabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus