Background: Oropharyngeal Candidiasis (OPC) is the most frequent opportunistic fungalrninfection of the oral cavity in HIV infected patients. OPC is associated with increasedrnmorbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. However, data on Species distributionrnand antifungal susceptibility profiles of yeast isolated from HIV-infected patients in Ethiopia isrnlimited.rnObjective: The aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of Oropharyngeal yeastrnisolates from HIV patients and to evaluate antifungal drug susceptibility profile of yeastrnisolates to commonly used antifungal drugs.rnMethod: A cross sectional study was conducted in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa.rnOral swabs were collected from 224 HIV patients and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agarrnwith chloramphenicol. All the isolates were characterized to a species level following standardrnmicrobiological techniques. The antifungal susceptibility profiles of all yeast were determinedrnusing disk diffusion method.rnResult: Of 224 HIV patients screened, 139 (62.1%) were colonized by yeasts. The rate ofrncolonization is higher in patients that non HAART than HAART initiated (72.3% versusrn51.8%). A total of 155 yeasts were isolated of which 153 (98.7%) were accounted by Candidarnconsisting of five species and 2(1.3%) non-candida yeasts. Out of all isolates C. albicans wasrnthe most frequently isolated species accounting 68.4% followed by C. glabrata (15.5%) and C.rntropicalis (11%). The Antifungal susceptibility pattern of the yeast isolates for Fluconazole,rnketoconazole, Amphotericin B, Clotrimazole, Nystatin and Miconazole showed a resistance ofrn12.3%, 8.4%, 5.8%, 2.6%, 1.3%, and 0.6% respectively. C. albicans were 5.7% resistant tornketoconazole and 6.6% resistant to Fluconazole. C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were 12.5% andrn17.6% resistant to ketoconazole and 16.6% and 35.3% resistant to fluconazole respectivelyrnConclusion: The spectrum of yeast isolated in the present study was relatively high even if C.rnalbicans was the predominantly isolated yeast. The results of this study also revealed thatrndevelopment of drug resistance by yeast isolates were considerable. Isolation, characterizationrnand evaluating drug susceptibility pattern of the isolates in this hospital in particular and inrnhealth institutions through out of the country in general is recommended.