Sero-burden Of Rubella Virus And Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Anc At Selected Hospitals In Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background: Rubella is a contagious viral respiratory tract infection transmitted via airbornerndroplets. The virus in pregnant women causes miscarriage or stillbirth and/or serious birth defectsrnand chronic diseases collectively called congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The risk ofrncongenital defects following maternal rubella infection reaches up to 90%.Worldwide it isrnestimated that more than 110,000 infants are born with congenital rubella syndrome each year.rnMost of these cases occur in developing countries that have not yet introduced rubella vaccine.rnThere are no recent studies conducted to assess the burden of rubella infection on pregnantrnwomen and CRS in Ethiopia.rnObjective: To determine the sero-burden of rubella immunity and associated risk factors amongrnpregnant women attending anti-natal care center of Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital andrnBetsegah Mother and Children hospital in Addis Ababa.rnMethod: A hospital – based, cross-sectional stdy was employed between March to June, 2016.Arn422 pregnant women, were enrolled and data were collected using pretested questionnaires. Leftrnover serum samples were collected and analyzed for anti-rubella Ig G and Ig M antibody usingrncommercial Enzygnost® Anti-Rubella Virus /Ig G and Ig M ELISA test kits by following standardrnprocedure. Data were analyzed using Epi-Info version 3.4 and SPSS version 20 software.rnResult: Of the 422 pregnant women tested for Anti-Rubella Ig G, 405(96.0%) were positive andrnout of these 341(80.8%) were immunized for rubella virus by natural infection. About 11(2.6%)rnof pregnant women were positive for Anti-Rubella Ig M, and 11(2.7%) pregnant women werernpositive for both Anti-Rubella Ig G and Ig M antibody. Overall, 11(2.7%) of the women werernsusceptible to Rubella infection, 5(45.5%) out of 11 in the first trimester of gestation wasrnprobably infectious to their fetus.rnConclusion: The burden of rubella virus Ig G in pregnant women in study area was very high.rnThis was in agreement with what has been found in other African countries where no rubellarnvaccinations are in place. Hence, screening of pregnant women for CRS is essential and initiationrnof rubella vaccination is urgently required.rnKey word: - Burden, CRS, Rubella, IgG, IgM

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