Genetic Diversity Study Of Lepidium Sativum Populations From Ethiopia Using Morphological Partial Characters And Issr Markers

Lepidium sativum L. (family Brassicaceae), is an underutilized medicinal plant with worldwiderndistribution. In Ethiopia, Lepidium sativum occurs in all regions and agro-ecologies at differentrnaltitudinal ranges. The study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of Lepidium sativumrnpopulations from Ethiopia using both morphological and ISSR markers. A total of 86 L. sativumrngenotypes were planted in Complete Randomized Block Design with two replications at HoletarnAgricultural Research Center during 2011/2012 cropping season. Ten plants were tagged forrnmorphological data collection and fourteen quantitative traits were recorded. The ISSRrnfingerprint analysis was conducted at the Genetics Laboratory of Addis Ababa University,rnEthiopia. Analysis of variance was computed for 12 morphological traits and significantrnvariation within and between L. sativum populations was recorded. Yield data indicated thatrnaccession 205162 (2324.08 kg/ha) and 90020 (2008.46 kg/ha) from Amhara; accession 234828rn(1983.4kg/ha) from Oromia observed to give higher yield. The seed color based bulk analysis ofrnoil content also indicated that Brown gave the highest (25%) oil content. Molecular datarngenerated from ISSR bands recorded was used for computing gene diversity, percentrnpolymorphism and Shannon diversity index and AMOVA. Moreover, the ISSR data was used tornconstruct UPGMA, Nj trees and PCO plot using Jaccard’s coefficient. Tigray and Amhararnpopulations showed higher gene diversity (0.24) and Shannon information index (0.35). BothrnNj, UPGMA and PCO analysis showed very week grouping among individuals collected from thernsame regions. Generally, Tigray and Amhara regions showed moderate to high diversity in bothrnmorphological and ISSR analysis. High variation was recorded for number of seeds/plant,rnnumber of pod/plant, number of secondary branch/plant, and plant height, which indicates thernpresence of ample variability for L. sativum improvement in Ethiopia. Different geographicalrnregions of Ethiopia, showed different levels of variation; thus conservation priority should berngiven for those regions that have genetic diversity. This result also indicated the presence ofrngenetic diversity that can be exploited to improve the productivity of L. sativum in Ethiopia.rnKey words: Genetic diversity, ISSR, Lepidium sativum, Morphology

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