Histopathologic Patters Of Liver Diseases A Five Year Retrospective Study In Tertiary Level Teaching Hospital Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Ethiopia.
Introduction: Liver diseases account for a significant number of morbidity and mortalityrnworldwide being affected by a wide spectrum of various primary and secondary diseases. The rnmajor primary diseases of the liver are viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),rnalcoholic liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). rnDistinguishing among them can be challenging, but the distinction is critically important givenrnthe differing prognostic and therapeutic implications. These diseases can be diagnosed with thernhelp of clinical, biochemical or radiological examinations. However, liver histopathologyrnremains the mainstay in diagnosis as well as management of various liver diseases. rnrnObjectives: The aim of this study was to assess histopathologic patterns of liver diseases rn.rnMethods and Materials: A retrospective descriptive histopathological analysis of rnhistopathological pattern of liver disease was carried out in the Postgraduate Department ofrnPathology, college of health sciences, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Referral Hospital (TAH),rnAddis Ababa, Ethiopia. Patients data was retrieved from the archives of the department ofrnPathology for a period of 4 years and 8 months from January 2016 to August 2020). rnResult rnIn this study a total of 116 cases were included. Of the total cases 60(51.7%) were females andrn56(48.3%) were males with female to male ratio of 1.1:1. Most of the ages ranges from 30 to 79rnyears, which accounts for 86.2% of cases and with mean, standard deviation, lowest and highestrnage range of 49, 17.97, 6 months and 79 years respectively. The peak age was the 7rn decade.rnMalignant lesions were the most common diagnoses accounted for 56.9%, HCC being the mostrnfrequent malignant lesion 19.8% of all cases followed by secondary carcinoma 17.2%,rncholangiocarcinoma 6.9%, neuroendocrine tumor 3.4%, secondary high grade sarcoma 2.6%,rnadenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation 1.7%, hepatoblastoma 1.7%, malignantrnundifferentiated tumor 0.9 %, lymphoma 0.9%, secondary epitheloid GIST 0.9% and suspiciousrnfor malignancy 0.9% in decreasing frequency. HCC was more common in males with male tornfemale ratio of 2.8 : 1. Almost all benign liver lesions were found in females with female to malernratio of 12 : 1. Hemangioma was the most common benign neoplastic lesion accounting for 7.8%rnfollowed by benign liver cyst 1.7% and FNH 0.95%. TB was most common non neoplasticrnlesion 3.4%. And the remaining histologic patterns included hydatid cyst 3(2.6%), abscessrn2(1.7%), seatosis/fatty change 2(1.7%), cirrhosis 1(0.9%), biliary atresia with cirrhosis 1(0.9 %),rnchronic active hepatitis 1(0.9%), acute alcoholic hepatitis 1(0.9%), acute complete intrahepaticrncholestasis with ascending cholangitis + stage 3 fibrosis 1(0.9%), chronic nonspecificrninflammation of the cyst wall 1(0.9%), non diagnostic 1( 0.9%) and 3(2.6%) of cases werernreported as normal histology. 13.8% of cases were descriptive reports. rnthrnConclusion rnHCC is the most common liver lesion and most common malignant histopathologic diagnosis inrnthis study which agrees to some studies in India. In most African studies infectious andrninflammatory lesions are the most common. The diagnoses of malignant lesions in this studyrnwere at later ages than most of other studies. Hemangioma was significant in amount.