Background: Every year over 130 million babies are born and 40 million women give birth atrnhome globally. About 2.6 million births take place in Ethiopia and 2.34 million (90%) births perrnyear occur in home without the help of a skilled birth attendant. Home delivery and newbornrncare provided by non-skilled personnel has not yet been evaluated whether the skills womenrnhave and the extent of newborn care they could provide is up to the world health organizationrndefinitions of essential newborn care. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate how farrnessential newborn care was being practiced in home delivery at Chewaka resettlement area.rnObjective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate effect of planned teaching onrnessential newborn care practice and knowledge of neonatal danger signs among mothers inrnChewaka resettlement area.rnMethods: The study was employed by using community based a pre-experimental one-shotrndesign was conducted among women who gave birth at home during the one year preceding thernstudy. A total of 238 study subjects were involved in the study.rnResult: Newborn care practices like bathing the baby immediately after birth 38.7%, giving pre-rnlacteals 40.8%, late initiation of breast feeding 37%, and application of substances on umbilicalrncord 102 42.9% were common. The study finding shows that a low level of use of the combinedrnnewborn care indicators: good thermal care 38 (16%), safe cord care practice 64 (26.9%), goodrnneonatal feeding 16.8% and it found that poor thermal care was driven mainly by early bathing;rnpoor cord care by putting substances on the cord; and poor breastfeeding by giving feeds otherrnthan breast milk. Motherâ€™s knowledge of newborn danger signs was good. In the present studyrnthe knowledge scores of mothers revealed that 64.3% of the respondents had good knowledge.rnConclusion Even after years of efforts by government to reduce unhealthy newborn carernpractices are highly prevalent in this setting. But some of the newborn care practices may havernbeen influenced by the health education interventions.rnRecommendation: The study suggests that effort should be made to stop unhealthy newbornrncare practice particularly, applying substances on the stump of umbilical cord, discardingrncolostrum, and pre lacteal feeding, and bathing the baby immediately after birth, and should bernreplaced by recommended practices.rnKeywords: Home deliveries, Essential newborn care practice, Chewaka resettlement are