Background: Caesarean section is one of life saving procedures medical intervention attributedrnto the decrease of the maternal mortality and morbidity rates. The initial purpose of the surgeryrnwas to preserve the life of the mother with obstructed labor, but indications have expanded overrnthe years to include delivery for a variety of more subtle dangers to the mother or fetus. ThernWorld Health Organization (WHO) suggests a cesarean rate between 5% and 15%. However, thernrate in Addis Ababa city is beyond aforementioned level.rnObjective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of caesarean section in AddisrnAbaba Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017.rnMethods: Institutional based cross- sectional study was conducted from April10 to May 10,rn2017 in selected Addis Ababa hospitals. The total sample size was 298. The data was collectedrnby using structured check list and questionnaire by interviewing womenâ€™s who gave birth inrnselected hospitals and record document was reviewed. Data were entered and analyzed usingrnSPSS version 20 statistical package. Both binary and multiple logistic regressions were used tornassess the association between prevalence and explanatory variables of caesarean. Finally, therndata were described and presented using tables. A 95 % confidence interval and 5% level ofrnprecision was utilized to check for association between variables.rnResult: The overall prevalence of CS in Hospitals in Addis Ababa was 38.3%. Private healthrnfacilities performed more CSs than public health facilities, 46.9% and 34.0% respectfully. Therncommon indication of Caesarean section in the study area was Previous CS (27.2%) which wasrnfollowed by NRFHR (21.0%) and post term (15.6%).Factors such as maternal age (AOR 0.47,rn95%CI (0.278, 0.792), education (AOR 3.456, 95%CI (1.109, 10.764) and gestational age (AORrn0.265, 95%CI (0.078, 0.899) were associated factor for CS.rnConclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of CS was higher than the WHOrnrecommendation in the study area. Previous CS and NRFHR were the leading indication in thisrnstudy. Therefore, encourage trial of vaginal birth after CS in appropriate cases and time given forrnconservative management of fetal distress rather than rushing to operation theatre with a singlernepisode of fetal heart rate abnormality are recommended to decrease caesarean section.rnkey words: prevalence ,caesarean section