Background: Pain is a significant global problem in the field of health.Recent advances inrnneurobiology, clinical medicine and neonatal research have established that the fetus andrnnewborn may experience acute, established, and chronic pain and that controlling pain has short-rnand long-term benefits for all newborns (1)(2). Despite the growing knowledge about painrnassessment and intervention, the neonatal pain remains unrecognized and undertreated (3).rnAppropriate management of neonatal painprevents unnecessary hospital stay and suffering themrnfrom pain. In clinical settings, nurses play a vital role in pain assessment and management andrnmust be knowledgeable regarding how to best access and manage the pain.rnrnObjective: The aim of the study was to assess the neonatal ICU nursesâ€™ knowledge andrnpracticeand factors associated regarding neonatal pain management at public hospital of AddisrnAbaba,Ethiopia, 2020.rnrnMethod: -Institutional based cross-sectional study design will be used to collect data fromrnfourselected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, from 21July-22August 2021. Simple randomrnsamplingwill be used to recruit study participants using structured, self-administeredrnquestionnaire. Data will be cleaned and entered using SPSS version 26.0 software and data willrnanalysis. rnResult:Majority (98(87.5.0%)) and (87(77.7%)) of the nurse had good overall knowledge andrnattitude. However, one third (42(37.5%) of the respondents have good practice. rnConclusion:Most nurses had poor practice in managing neonatal pain but majority of nurses hadrnadequate knowledge concerning neonatal pain management. There was gap between theirrnknowledge and practice.