Assessment Of Vaccine Wastage And Its Contributing Factors In Selected Health Centers Of Addis Ababa Ethiopia.

Introduction: Vaccine is life saving biological product that produces and enhances immunity tornthe vaccine-preventable diseases for which it is targeted. Vaccination prevents an estimated ofrn2.5 million deaths globally each year by reducing morbidity and mortality of children. Vaccinernis a temperature sensitive product that needs special handling not to be waste. Even thoughrnvaccine wastage cannot eliminate totally at least it can be reduced to the possible minimum levelrnby ensuring effective vaccine management.rnObjective: The objective of the study was to assess the wastage rate of vaccines and vaccinernwastage contributing factors in health centers, Addis Ababa.rnMethod: Method of study was a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Sample size selectedrnusing a simple random sampling (lottery)method after allocation of the sample sizernproportionally into ten sub-cities based on number of health centers.rnResult: The highest wastage rates of vaccine were 29% (Measles)which is lyophilized and 26%rn(TT)and both are liquid and multi-dose vial vaccines. The low wastage rates were 6.5 % and 7%rnfor Rota and pentavalent vaccine, respectively. These are single-dose liquid vaccines. The totalrnwastage rates of vaccines were 22 %(202,224 doses) out of which 15% accounted for open vialrnvaccine wastages and 7% of them were close vial vaccine wastage. The total vaccine wastagernrate in terms of estimated cost was accounted for 8 % (103,512.25USD).rnConclusion and recommendation: The study showed high vaccine wastage rate for open,rnclosed and lyophilized vaccines. The main reasons of open vial vaccine wastage were lack ofrnineffective application of in multi-dose vial policy in which, some liquid vaccines with multi –rndose has to be discarded at the end of vaccination sessions. While the reasons of closed vialrnvaccine wastage were expiry due to ineffective stock management (over stock), improperrnapplication of first–expiry first-out and vaccine vial monitoring indicator change and freezingrndue cold chain management failure. The intervention to reduce vaccine wastage needs anrneffective implementation of stock management, cold chain management and multi-dose vialrnpolicy.

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